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Details on Person UniProt:Q99NH7 Slc26a5

Class:Id	ReferenceGeneProduct:98846
_chainChangeLog	chain:1-744 added on Sat February 7 2015
_displayName	UniProt:Q99NH7 Slc26a5
_timestamp	2025-08-15 22:11:41
chain	chain:1-744
checksum	37A2524F5E75E31B
comment	FUNCTION Voltage-sensitive motor protein that drives outer hair cell (OHC) electromotility (eM) and participates in sound amplification in the hearing organ (PubMed:12239568). Converts changes in the transmembrane electric potential into mechanical displacements resulting in the coupling of its expansion to movement of a charged voltage sensor across the lipid membrane (PubMed:12239568). The nature of the voltage sensor is not completely clear, and two models compete (By similarity). In the first model, acts as an incomplete transporter where intracellular chloride anion acts as extrinsic voltage sensor that drives conformational change in the protein which is sufficient to produce a length change in the plane of the membrane and hence in the length of the OHC (By similarity). The second model in which multiple charged amino acid residues are distributed at the intracellular and extracellular membrane interfaces that form an intrinsic voltage sensor, whose movement produces the non-linear capacitance (NLC) (By similarity). However, the effective voltage sensor may be the result of a hybrid voltage sensor, assembled from intrinsic charge (charged residues) and extrinsic charge (bound anion) (By similarity). Notably, binding of anions to the anion-binding pocket partially neutralizes the intrinsic positive charge rather than to form an electrically negative sensor, therefore remaining charge may serve as voltage sensor that, after depolarization, moves from down (expanded state) to up (contracted) conformation, which is accompanied by an eccentric contraction of the intermembrane cross-sectional area of the protein as well as a major increase in the hydrophobic thickness of the protein having as consequences the plasma membrane thickening and the cell contraction after membrane depolarization (By similarity). The anion-binding pocket transits from the inward-open (Down) state, where it is exposed toward the intracellular solvent in the absence of anion, to the occluded (Up) state upon anion binding (By similarity). Salicylate competes for the anion-binding site and inhibits the voltage-sensor movement, and therefore inhibits the charge transfer and electromotility by displacing Cl(-) from the anion-binding site and by preventing the structural transitions to the contracted state (By similarity). In addition, can act as a weak Cl(-)/HCO3(-) antiporter across the cell membrane and so regulate the intracellular pH of the outer hair cells (OHCs), while firstly found as being unable to mediate electrogenic anion transport (By similarity). Moreover, supports a role in cardiac mechanical amplification serving as an elastic element to enhance the actomyosin- based sarcomere contraction system (PubMed:33951436).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 2 hydrogencarbonate(in) + chloride(out) = 2 hydrogencarbonate(out) + chloride(in)SUBUNIT Homodimer (By similarity). Interacts (via STAS domain) with CALM; this interaction is calcium-dependent and the STAS domain interacts with only one lobe of CALM which is an elongated conformation (By similarity). Interacts with MYH1 (By similarity).SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Localized at the outer hair cells (OHC) lateral plasma membrane (PubMed:12584604, PubMed:14553901). Alters profoundly the shape of its surrounding lipid bilayer (By similarity).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Expressed in the outer hair cells (OHC) of the organ of Corti of the inner ear (PubMed:12584604, PubMed:12782792, PubMed:14553901). Also weak expression in brain and testis (PubMed:12584604). Very weakly expressed in heart, spleen, muscle and lactating mammary glands (PubMed:12584604). Expressed in cardiac myocytes (at protein level), both in the surface sarcolemma and along the t-tubule (PubMed:33951436). Weakly expressed in skeletal muscle cells (at protein level) (PubMed:33951436).DOMAIN The STAS domain mediates dimerization, with both STAS domains latched onto each other in a domain-swapped manner. The N-terminus domain is involved in dimerization such that each N-terminus domain embraces both STAS domains (By similarity). The STAS domain harbors a unique anion-binding site important for the fine regulation of the high-frequency electromotile properties (By similarity). The transmembrane domain consists of 14 transmembrane segments organized in a 7(+)7 inverted repeat architecture that can be divided into two main helix bundles, the ''core'' domain and the ''gate'' domain (By similarity). The transmembrane regions are domain-swapped with the STAS domain containing N- and C-terminal cytoplasmic domains (By similarity). The STAS domain mediates CALM binding CALM (By similarity).DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE Homozygous knockout mice lacking Slc26a5 have no obvious developmental or behavioral abnormalities, except that, at one month, mice show small size difference compared to wild-type (PubMed:12239568). Mice show loss of electromotility, shortened outer hair cells (OHCs), and a reduction of hearing sensitivity of 40-60 dB (PubMed:12239568).SIMILARITY Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family.ONLINE INFORMATION Pump up the volume - Issue 22 of May 2002
description	recommendedName: fullName evidence="14"Prestin alternativeName: Solute carrier family 26 member 5
geneName	Slc26a5 Pres
identifier	Q99NH7
isSequenceChanged	FALSE
keyword	Cell membrane Cell shape Glycoprotein Hearing Membrane Motor protein Reference proteome Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
modified	[InstanceEdit:143527] Schmidt, EE, 2004-11-12 07:45:10 [InstanceEdit:217385] Schmidt, EE, 2008-03-27 06:23:53 [InstanceEdit:354386] Schmidt, EE, 2008-06-18 04:45:12 [InstanceEdit:384350] Kanapin, AA, 2008-11-26 14:00:39 [InstanceEdit:392885] Kanapin, AA, 2009-03-09 12:07:18 [InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35 [InstanceEdit:423310] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435478] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:447347] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:525883] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:613449] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:797602] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:937368] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1042053] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1220657] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1300696] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1301627] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1551960] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:1995863] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2132304] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2265580] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5433710] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5618415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5634237] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5673015] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9037114] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9637257] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9657908] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9676415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15
name	Slc26a5
referenceDatabase	[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
secondaryIdentifier	S26A5_MOUSE Q80ZB1
sequenceLength	744
species	[Species:48892] Mus musculus
(referenceEntity)	[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9663380] Slc26a5 (expanded) [plasma membrane] [Mus musculus] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9663381] Slc26a5 [plasma membrane] [Mus musculus]
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q99NH7 Slc26a5 (98846)