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Details on Person UniProt:Q8NBP7 PCSK9

Class:IdReferenceGeneProduct:97863
_chainChangeLogsignal peptide:1-30 added on Fri February 6 2015;propeptide:31-152 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:153-692 added on Fri February 6 2015
_displayNameUniProt:Q8NBP7 PCSK9
_timestamp2024-11-03 20:06:53
chainsignal peptide:1-30
propeptide:31-152
chain:153-692
checksum9BCB9418B90AEE23
commentFUNCTION Crucial player in the regulation of plasma cholesterol homeostasis. Binds to low-density lipid receptor family members: low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), very low density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), apolipoprotein E receptor (LRP1/APOER) and apolipoprotein receptor 2 (LRP8/APOER2), and promotes their degradation in intracellular acidic compartments (PubMed:18039658). Acts via a non-proteolytic mechanism to enhance the degradation of the hepatic LDLR through a clathrin LDLRAP1/ARH-mediated pathway. May prevent the recycling of LDLR from endosomes to the cell surface or direct it to lysosomes for degradation. Can induce ubiquitination of LDLR leading to its subsequent degradation (PubMed:17461796, PubMed:18197702, PubMed:18799458, PubMed:22074827). Inhibits intracellular degradation of APOB via the autophagosome/lysosome pathway in a LDLR-independent manner. Involved in the disposal of non-acetylated intermediates of BACE1 in the early secretory pathway (PubMed:18660751). Inhibits epithelial Na(+) channel (ENaC)-mediated Na(+) absorption by reducing ENaC surface expression primarily by increasing its proteasomal degradation. Regulates neuronal apoptosis via modulation of LRP8/APOER2 levels and related anti-apoptotic signaling pathways.COFACTOR Its proteolytic activity is autoinhibited by the non-covalent binding of the propeptide to the catalytic domain. Inhibited by EGTA.SUBUNIT Monomer. Can self-associate to form dimers and higher multimers which may have increased LDLR degrading activity. The precursor protein but not the mature protein may form multimers. Interacts with APOB, VLDLR, LRP8/APOER2 and BACE1. The full-length immature form (pro-PCSK9) interacts with SCNN1A, SCNN1B and SCNN1G. The pro-PCSK9 form (via C-terminal domain) interacts with LDLR. Interacts (via the C-terminal domain) with ANXA2 (via repeat Annexin 1); the interaction inhibits the degradation of LDLR (PubMed:18799458).INTERACTION Autocatalytic cleavage is required to transport it from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus and for the secretion of the mature protein. Localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum in the absence of LDLR and colocalizes to the cell surface and to the endosomes/lysosomes in the presence of LDLR. The sorting to the cell surface and endosomes is required in order to fully promote LDLR degradation.ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS Expressed in neuro-epithelioma, colon carcinoma, hepatic and pancreatic cell lines, and in Schwann cells.DOMAIN The C-terminal domain (CRD) is essential for the LDLR-binding and degrading activities.DOMAIN The catalytic domain is responsible for mediating its self-association.PTM Cleavage by furin and PCSK5 generates a truncated inactive protein that is unable to induce LDLR degradation.PTM Undergoes autocatalytic cleavage in the endoplasmic reticulum to release the propeptide from the N-terminus and the cleavage of the propeptide is strictly required for its maturation and activation. The cleaved propeptide however remains associated with the catalytic domain through non-covalent interactions, preventing potential substrates from accessing its active site. As a result, it is secreted from cells as a propeptide-containing, enzymatically inactive protein.PTM Phosphorylation protects the propeptide against proteolysis.POLYMORPHISM Variant Leu-23 ins polymorphism in PCSK9 might have a modifier effect on LDLR mutation and familial hypercholesterolemia.POLYMORPHISM Genetic variations in PCSK9 define the low density lipoprotein cholesterol level quantitative trait locus 1 (LDLCQ1) [MIM:603776].DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the peptidase S8 family.
descriptionrecommendedName: Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 ecNumber: 3.4.21.- alternativeName: Neural apoptosis-regulated convertase 1 shortName: NARC-1 alternativeName: Proprotein convertase 9 shortName: PC9 alternativeName: Subtilisin/kexin-like protease PC9
geneNamePCSK9
NARC1
PSEC0052
identifierQ8NBP7
isSequenceChangedFALSE
keyword3D-structure
Alternative splicing
Apoptosis
Autocatalytic cleavage
Calcium
Cholesterol metabolism
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Disease variant
Disulfide bond
Endoplasmic reticulum
Endosome
Glycoprotein
Golgi apparatus
Hydrolase
Lipid metabolism
Lysosome
Phosphoprotein
Protease
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome
Secreted
Serine protease
Signal
Steroid metabolism
Sterol metabolism
Sulfation
Zymogen
modified[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25
[InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09
[InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03
namePCSK9
referenceDatabase[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene[ReferenceDNASequence:9004307] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000169174 PCSK9 [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifierPCSK9_HUMAN
A8T640
C0JYY9
Q5PSM5
Q5SZQ2
sequenceLength692
species[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(isoformParent)[ReferenceIsoform:151896] UniProt:Q8NBP7-2 PCSK9 [Homo sapiens]
[ReferenceIsoform:411473] UniProt:Q8NBP7-1 PCSK9 [Homo sapiens]
(referenceEntity)[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:6784727] PCSK9 [extracellular region] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:6784823] PCSK9 [endolysosome membrane] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:8855128] PCSK9 [lysosomal membrane] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:8952317] p-PCSK9 [extracellular region] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:8956745] PCSK9 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:8956943] p-PCSK9 [endoplasmic reticulum lumen] [Homo sapiens]
(referenceSequence)[ModifiedResidue:8952340] phosphorylated residue at unknown position
[ModifiedResidue:8956896] phosphorylated residue at unknown position
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q8NBP7 PCSK9 (97863)