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Details on Person UniProt:P0DTC3 3a

Class:Id	ReferenceGeneProduct:9681697
_chainChangeLog	chain:1-275 for 9681697 added on Fri May 15 2020
_displayName	UniProt:P0DTC3 3a
_timestamp	2024-08-09 19:08:16
chain	chain:1-275
checksum	4688E6D477E031C4
comment	FUNCTION Plays a role in viral egress via lysosomal trafficking (PubMed:33157038, PubMed:33422265). Forms homotetrameric ion channels (viroporins) localized at endosomes and lysosomes, that may induce deacidification of lysosomes, allowing safe egress of virions via lysosomal trafficking (PubMed:33157038, PubMed:33422265, PubMed:34158638). Also blocks autolysosome formation by binding and sequestering the host component VPS39 for homotypic fusion and protein sorting (HOPS) on late endosomes (PubMed:33422265). This prevents fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, disrupting autophagy and facilitating virus egress (PubMed:33422265). Induces host RETREG1/FAM134B-dependent reticulophagy by interacting with host HMGB1 and enhancing the association between HMGB1 and host BECN1 (PubMed:35239449). This induces endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammatory responses and facilitates viral infection (PubMed:35239449).SUBUNIT Homodimer (PubMed:34158638), a subset forms homotetramer of two homodimers linked non covalently (PubMed:34158638). Interacts with M, S and E proteins. Also interacts with the accessory protein 7a (By similarity). Interacts with host VPS39, sequestering it on late endosomes (PubMed:33422265). Interacts with host HMGB1; the interaction enhances the association between HMGB1 and host BECN1, promoting reticulophagy (PubMed:35239449). Interacts with HMOX1; the interaction promotes ORF3A-induced autophagy but is unlikely to be involved in ORF3A-mediated induction of reticulophagy (PubMed:35239449).INTERACTION The cell surface expressed protein can undergo endocytosis. The protein is secreted in association with membranous structures.DOMAIN The second or the third transmembrane region are responsible for Golgi localization.PTM Exists in both O-glycosylated and non-glycosylated forms. The glycosylated form is associated with the virion.POLYMORPHISM Variant Omicron/BA.1 and BA.2 belong to a lineage first isolated in South Africa (November 2021).POLYMORPHISM Variant Omicron/BQ.1.1 belongs to a lineage first isolated in Nigeria (November 2022).POLYMORPHISM Variant Omicron/XBB.1.5 belongs to a lineage first isolated in United States (November 2022). It is the result of recombination between omicron BJ.1 and BM.1.1. Moreover XBB.1.5 do not express ORF8.
created	[InstanceEdit:9681685] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2020-04-03
description	recommendedName: ORF3a protein shortName: ORF3a alternativeName: Accessory protein 3a alternativeName: Protein 3a alternativeName: Protein U274 alternativeName: Protein X1
geneName	3a
identifier	P0DTC3
isSequenceChanged	FALSE
keyword	3D-structure Activation of host autophagy by virus Glycoprotein Host cell membrane Host cytoplasm Host endoplasmic reticulum Host endosome Host lysosome Host membrane Host-virus interaction Ion channel Ion transport Membrane Reference proteome Secreted Transmembrane Transmembrane helix Transport Viral ion channel Virion
modified	[InstanceEdit:9688885] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9698430] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9706439] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9715482] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9730071] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9767224] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9773244] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9796772] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9819394] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9841277] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09
name	3a
referenceDatabase	[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
secondaryIdentifier	AP3A_SARS2
sequenceLength	275
species	[Species:9681683] Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
(referenceEntity)	[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694386] O-glycosyl 3a [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694387] O-glycosyl 3a [extracellular region] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694395] O-glycosyl 3a [virion membrane] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694433] O-glycosyl 3a [plasma membrane] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694584] 3a [endoplasmic reticulum lumen] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694658] GalNAc-O-3a [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694716] 3a [endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9694729] O-glycosyl 3a [endocytic vesicle membrane] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9754541] O-glycosyl 3a [endolysosome membrane] [Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2]
(referenceSequence)	[ModifiedResidue:9694328] O-(N-acetylamino)galactosyl-L-threonine at unknown position [ModifiedResidue:9694610] O-glycosyl-L-threonine at unknown position
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P0DTC3 3a (9681697)