Reactome: A Curated Pathway Database
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Query author contributions in Reactome

Reactome depends on collaboration between our curation team and outside experts to assemble and peer-review its pathway modules. The integration of ORCID within Reactome enables us to meet a key challenge with authoring, curating and reviewing biological information by incentivizing and crediting the external experts that contribute their expertise and time to the Reactome curation process. More information is available at ORCID and Reactome.

If you have an ORCID ID that is not listed on this page, please forward this information to us and we will update your Reactome pathway records.

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Details on Person Diagram of Metabolism of cofactors

Class:IdPathwayDiagram:8978937
_displayNameDiagram of Metabolism of cofactors
_timestamp2025-07-02 16:16:00
created[InstanceEdit:8978938] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2017-02-20
height1775
modified[InstanceEdit:8979112] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2017-02-21
[InstanceEdit:9026749] Jassal, Bijay, 2017-10-23
[InstanceEdit:9663824] Jassal, Bijay, 2019-10-15
[InstanceEdit:9693726] Jassal, Bijay, 2020-07-06
[InstanceEdit:9716772] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2021-02-24
[InstanceEdit:9854264] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-11-24
[InstanceEdit:9855359] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-02
[InstanceEdit:9855365] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-02
[InstanceEdit:9856086] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-10
[InstanceEdit:9856087] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-10
[InstanceEdit:9856133] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-11
[InstanceEdit:9856244] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-14
[InstanceEdit:9856245] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-14
[InstanceEdit:9856258] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-15
[InstanceEdit:9856273] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-16
[InstanceEdit:9856281] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-18
[InstanceEdit:9856521] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-19
[InstanceEdit:9856699] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-22
[InstanceEdit:9856736] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-22
[InstanceEdit:9856787] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-23
[InstanceEdit:9856850] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-12-24
[InstanceEdit:9857396] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-01-04
[InstanceEdit:9857399] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-01-04
[InstanceEdit:9863742] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-03-05
[InstanceEdit:9864526] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-03-07
[InstanceEdit:9909243] Stephan, Ralf, 2024-05-01
[InstanceEdit:9911313] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2024-05-28
[InstanceEdit:9949584] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2025-05-22
[InstanceEdit:9959890] D'Eustachio, Peter, 2025-07-02
representedPathway[Pathway:8978934] Metabolism of cofactors [Homo sapiens]
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position="95 844" bounds="30 819 131 50" textPosition="30 819" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>p-S1177-eNOS:CaM:HSP90:p-AKT1:BH4</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="116" reactomeId="1497797" position="780 778" bounds="754 763 52 30" textPosition="762 767"> <Properties> <displayName>BH3.</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="117" reactomeId="879326" position="703 713" bounds="688 698 31 30" textPosition="692 702"> <Properties> <displayName>e-</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="118" reactomeId="71067" position="835 708" bounds="811 693 48 30" textPosition="815 697"> <Properties> <displayName>Fe2+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="119" reactomeId="198816" position="476 704" bounds="451 684 50 41" textPosition="454 693"> <Properties> <displayName>AscH-</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="120" reactomeId="1497805" position="474 568" bounds="454 550 40 36" textPosition="454 557"> <Properties> <displayName>Asc.-</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="121" reactomeId="1497857" position="1158 711" bounds="1138 696 41 30" textPosition="1142 693"> <Properties> <displayName>q-BH2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="122" reactomeId="1497889" position="87 698" bounds="22 673 131 50" textPosition="22 673" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>p-S1177-eNOS:CaM:HSP90:p-AKT1:BH2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="123" reactomeId="1222481" position="957 591" bounds="913 576 89 30" textPosition="917 580"> <Properties> <displayName>Peroxynitrite</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="124" reactomeId="1497811" position="1158 383" bounds="1117 368 82 30" textPosition="1121 372"> <Properties> <displayName>sepiapterin</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="125" reactomeId="29364" position="1230 462" bounds="1201 447 59 30" textPosition="1205 451" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="126" reactomeId="29366" position="1208 624" bounds="1178 609 60 30" textPosition="1182 613"> <Properties> <displayName>NADP+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="127" reactomeId="70106" position="1209 429" bounds="1191 414 36 30" textPosition="1195 418" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="128" reactomeId="1497822" position="957 509" bounds="917 498 81 22" textPosition="918 498" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>DHFR dimer</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="129" reactomeId="29366" position="843 526" bounds="813 511 60 30" textPosition="817 515" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="130" reactomeId="111736" position="825 609" bounds="801 594 48 30" textPosition="805 598"> <Properties> <displayName>Fe3+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.ProcessNode id="131" reactomeId="202131" position="195 958" bounds="131 917 128 82" textPosition="133 922"> <Properties> <displayName>Metabolism of nitric oxide: NOS3 activation and regulation</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.ProcessNode> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="132" reactomeId="202121" position="67 607" bounds="4 589 127 36" textPosition="4 589" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>p-S1177-eNOS:CaM:HSP90:p-AKT1</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="153" reactomeId="70106" position="1057 526" bounds="1039 511 36 30" textPosition="1043 515" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="155" reactomeId="29364" position="1095 554" bounds="1066 539 59 30" textPosition="1070 543" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableEntity id="172" reactomeId="9693721" position="1024 323" bounds="985 306 79 34" textPosition="986 305"> <Properties> <displayName>sepiapterin synthase</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableEntity> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="174" reactomeId="76190" position="1498 280" bounds="1480 265 36 31" textPosition="1484 269"> <Properties> <displayName>CIT</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="176" reactomeId="5690885" position="1587 235" bounds="1559 218 57 34" textPosition="1562 216" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>ACO1:4Fe-4S</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.ProcessNode id="184" reactomeId="917937" position="1446 186" bounds="1395 164 102 45" textPosition="1398 164"> <Properties> <displayName>Iron uptake and transport</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.ProcessNode> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="219" reactomeId="2395504" position="1027 1144" bounds="985 1129 84 31" textPosition="985 1133"> <Properties> <displayName>(2Fe-2S)(1+)</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="220" reactomeId="113521" position="1219 1184" bounds="1199 1169 40 31" textPosition="1202 1173"> <Properties> <displayName>H2O</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="221" reactomeId="2395501" position="1226 1143" bounds="1188 1128 76 31" textPosition="1188 1132"> <Properties> <displayName>(2Fe-2S)2+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="227" reactomeId="29362" position="898 1641" bounds="877 1626 42 31" textPosition="881 1624" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="231" reactomeId="113526" position="690 1572" bounds="669 1557 42 31" textPosition="673 1555"> <Properties> <displayName>NAD+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="241" reactomeId="9856286" position="1119 1079" bounds="1087 1063 64 33" textPosition="1092 1060" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>COQ8A,B:COQ6</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="242" reactomeId="9856315" position="790 1688" bounds="756 1663 68 50" textPosition="757 1663" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>COQ8A,B:COQ7:COQ9</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="2234" reactomeId="9857397" position="1603 1378" bounds="1558 1352 90 53" textPosition="1561 1355" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>COQ3:COQ4:COQ5:COQ6:COQ7:COQ9</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2238" reactomeId="9856684" position="264 1314" bounds="245 1299 39 31" textPosition="249 1303"> <Properties> <displayName>HPP</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2239" reactomeId="9856722" position="525 1342" bounds="499 1327 53 31" textPosition="500 1331"> <Properties> <displayName>4-HMA</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableComplex id="2240" reactomeId="9856698" position="364 1290" bounds="339 1271 51 38" textPosition="343 1273" bgColor="204 255 255" hideComponents="true"> <Properties> <displayName>HPDL:Fe2+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableComplex> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2242" reactomeId="113533" position="271 1383" bounds="254 1368 34 30" textPosition="258 1372" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2244" reactomeId="29376" position="475 1374" bounds="454 1359 42 30" textPosition="458 1363" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2246" reactomeId="9856800" position="700 1341" bounds="676 1326 48 31" textPosition="676 1330"> <Properties> <displayName>4-Hbz</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2250" reactomeId="113521" position="697 1294" bounds="678 1279 39 31" textPosition="680 1283" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableEntity id="2251" reactomeId="9856739" position="814 1283" bounds="764 1265 101 37" textPosition="766 1265"> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown dehydrogenase</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableEntity> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2253" reactomeId="113526" position="704 1392" bounds="683 1377 42 31" textPosition="687 1375" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2255" reactomeId="29362" position="917 1389" bounds="896 1374 42 31" textPosition="900 1372"> <Properties> <displayName>NADH</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2257" reactomeId="9856515" position="176 1548" bounds="150 1533 52 31" textPosition="151 1537"> <Properties> <displayName>CoQH2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableChemical> <org.gk.render.RenderableProtein id="2258" reactomeId="8873841" position="209 1499" bounds="173 1485 73 29" textPosition="182 1488"> <Properties> <displayName>STARD7</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableProtein> <org.gk.render.RenderableChemical id="2260" reactomeId="9856514" position="87 1494" bounds="61 1479 52 31" textPosition="62 1483" /> <org.gk.render.RenderableProtein id="2261" reactomeId="9856506" position="133 1458" bounds="102 1442 62 33" textPosition="103 1441"> <Properties> <displayName>cytosolic STARD7</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableProtein> <org.gk.render.RenderableEntity id="2264" reactomeId="9949581" position="612 1289" bounds="570 1269 84 40" textPosition="570 1271"> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown carboxylyase</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableEntity> </Nodes> <Edges> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="51" reactomeId="2162253" points="455 1169, 498 1168, 529 1169" position="498 1168" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="3" points="422 1146" /> <Input id="4" stoichiometry="7" points="427 1201" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="5" points="676 1106" /> <Output id="6" stoichiometry="7" points="564 1205" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="7" points="498 1140" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>PDSS1,2 ligates FPP to IPPP</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="52" reactomeId="2162192" points="792 1132, 826 1132, 862 1132" position="826 1132" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="5" points="737 1106" /> <Input id="8" points="776 1145" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="9" points="997 1090" /> <Output id="11" points="868 1154" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="10" points="825 1099" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>COQ2 ligates all-E-10PrP2 to PHB</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="53" reactomeId="2162187" points="1103 1141, 1120 1141, 1137 1141" position="1120 1141" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="9" points="1045 1098" /> <Input id="13" points="1044 1180" /> <Input id="219" points="1072 1142" /> <Input id="14" points="1096 1188" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="15" points="1205 1102" /> <Output id="220" points="1196 1173" /> <Output id="221" points="1185 1142" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1555 1359, 1121 1178" /> </Catalysts> <Activators> <Activator id="241" points="1119 1099" /> </Activators> <Properties> <displayName>COQ6 hydroxylates DHB</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="54" reactomeId="2162193" points="1371 1135, 1401 1135, 1437 1135" position="1401 1135" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="19" points="1352 1163" /> <Input id="15" points="1259 1093" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="20" points="1574 1134" /> <Output id="21" points="1463 1124" /> <Output id="23" points="1458 1150" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1572 1349, 1400 1204" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>COQ3 methylates DHDB</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="55" reactomeId="2162195" points="1569 1206, 1570 1227, 1570 1251" position="1570 1227" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Omitted Process"> <Inputs> <Input id="20" points="1595 1152" /> <Input id="23" points="1500 1170" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="24" points="1648 1598, 1673 1598, 1672 1327" /> <Output id="25" points="1570 1280" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1576 1349, 1479 1252" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>COQ4 decarboxylates MHDB</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="56" reactomeId="2162191" points="1409 1600, 1384 1600, 1361 1600" position="1384 1600" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Omitted Process"> <Inputs> <Input id="24" points="1574 1598" /> <Input id="30" points="1439 1574" /> <Input id="31" points="1454 1634" /> <Input id="32" points="1410 1560" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="27" points="1358 1558" /> <Output id="28" points="1282 1675" /> <Output id="33" points="1332 1586" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="29" points="1384 1641" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown enzyme hydroxylates DMPhOH</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="57" reactomeId="2162188" points="1147 1624, 1122 1623, 1090 1623" position="1122 1623" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="28" points="1240 1675" /> <Input id="38" points="1171 1613" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="34" points="967 1673" /> <Output id="36" points="1051 1592" /> <Output id="37" points="1001 1601" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1555 1395, 1120 1571" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>COQ5 methylates MDMQ10H2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="58" reactomeId="2162194" points="810 1634, 793 1634, 772 1634" position="793 1634" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="227" points="874 1639" /> <Input id="34" points="900 1673" /> <Input id="43" points="848 1605" /> <Input id="41" points="817 1592" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="231" points="714 1587" /> <Output id="40" points="632 1680" /> <Output id="39" points="761 1588" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1555 1387, 791 1546" /> </Catalysts> <Activators> <Activator id="242" points="791 1660" /> </Activators> <Properties> <displayName>COQ7:COQ9 octamer hydroxylates DMQ10H2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="59" reactomeId="2162186" points="496 1643, 466 1642, 435 1642" position="466 1642" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="40" points="559 1676" /> <Input id="49" points="517 1614" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="45" points="259 1640" /> <Output id="46" points="421 1603" /> <Output id="48" points="399 1658" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2234" points="1555 1385, 467 1559" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>COQ3 methylates DeMQ10H2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="87" reactomeId="389550" points="1687 464, 1641 464, 1606 465" position="1641 464" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="62" points="1696 479" /> <Input id="63" points="1728 464" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="64" points="1579 523" /> <Output id="65" points="1558 500" /> <Output id="66" points="1606 550" /> <Output id="67" points="1557 466" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="68" points="1642 488" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>isocitrate + NADP+ =&gt; 2-oxoglutarate + CO2 + NADPH + H+</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="88" reactomeId="389540" points="1748 275, 1795 275, 1830 275" position="1795 275" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="72" points="1711 275" /> <Input id="71" points="1735 307" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="69" points="1897 310" /> <Output id="70" points="1855 313" /> <Output id="73" points="1863 253" /> <Output id="74" points="1876 275" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="75" points="1793 244" /> </Catalysts> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="89" reactomeId="390347" points="1636 387, 1644 387, 1635 387" position="1644 387" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="72" points="1669 293" /> <Input id="67" points="1544 449" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="63" points="1738 449" /> <Output id="77" points="1607 347" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="76" points="1590 386" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Exchange of isocitrate and 2-oxoglutarate across the peroxisomal membrane</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="90" reactomeId="9639617" points="1676 743, 1713 743, 1750 742" position="1713 743" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="79" points="1668 757" /> <Input id="80" points="1640 719" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="81" points="1772 731" /> <Output id="82" points="1788 773" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>H6PD dimer hydrolyzes D-Glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate tp PDG</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="91" reactomeId="9639612" points="1548 836, 1590 836, 1637 837" position="1590 836" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="83" points="1514 826" /> <Input id="84" points="1514 863" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="85" points="1683 868" /> <Output id="79" points="1649 807" /> <Output id="82" points="1788 792" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="86" points="1591 874" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>H6PD dimer oxidizes G6P to D-Glucono-1,5-lactone 6-phosphate</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="133" reactomeId="1474146" points="358 365, 390 365, 425 365" position="390 365" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="93" points="338 354" /> <Input id="94" points="335 373" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="95" points="445 357" /> <Output id="96" points="484 378" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="97" points="389 322" /> </Catalysts> <Inhibitors> <Inhibitor id="99" points="756 551, 544 515" /> <Inhibitor id="100" points="390 449" /> </Inhibitors> <Activators> <Activator id="98" points="344 411" /> </Activators> <Properties> <displayName>GCH1 reduces GTP to dihydroneopterin triphosphate</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="134" reactomeId="1474158" points="262 440, 262 464, 341 463" position="262 464" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Association"> <Inputs> <Input id="101" stoichiometry="2" points="225 429" /> <Input id="97" points="335 308, 260 308" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="100" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="101" points="196 440, 210 465" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>GCHFR binds to GCH1 and negatively regulates its activity</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="135" reactomeId="1475422" points="512 249, 538 249, 593 249" position="538 249" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="110" points="468 249" /> <Input id="111" stoichiometry="6" points="489 230" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="105" points="593 313" /> <Output id="109" stoichiometry="6" points="632 249" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="102" points="538 219" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>PTPS is phosphorylated by cGMP-dependant protein kinase II</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="136" reactomeId="1474184" points="549 384, 594 384, 668 384" position="594 384" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="96" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="103" points="752 384" /> <Output id="104" points="705 360" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="105" points="593 341" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>DHNTP is dephosphorylated by PTPS to PTHP</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="137" reactomeId="1497853" points="923 171, 923 204, 923 232" position="923 204" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="113" stoichiometry="2" points="965 161" /> <Input id="106" points="923 137" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="112" points="923 435" /> <Output id="114" stoichiometry="2" points="965 249" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="102" points="566 204" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Sepiapterin reductase (SPR) is phosphorylated by Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="138" reactomeId="1475414" points="778 427, 778 448, 778 474" position="778 448" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="103" points="778 402" /> <Input id="107" stoichiometry="2" points="744 420" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="99" points="778 537" /> <Output id="108" stoichiometry="2" points="740 492" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="112" points="879 448" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>PTHP is reduced to BH4 by sepiapterin reductase (SPR)</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="139" reactomeId="1497824" points="773 573, 743 657, 743 690" position="743 657" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="99" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="116" points="773 760" /> <Output id="117" points="722 704" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>BH4 is oxidised to the BH3 radical during the eNOS catalytic cycle</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="140" reactomeId="1497883" points="779 704, 779 659, 779 621" position="779 659" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="118" points="808 706" /> <Input id="116" points="779 760" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="99" points="779 573" /> <Output id="130" points="798 615" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>Ferrous iron reduces the BH3 radical back to BH4</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="141" reactomeId="1497855" points="537 666, 537 628, 537 584" position="537 628" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="119" points="504 688" /> <Input id="116" points="751 766, 537 666" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="120" points="497 573" /> <Output id="99" points="756 557" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>Ascorbate can reduce the BH3 radical back to BH4</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="142" reactomeId="1497863" points="809 772, 916 751, 1135 714" position="916 751" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Transition"> <Inputs> <Input id="116" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="121" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>The BH3 radical can decay to dihydrobiopterin (BH2)</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="143" reactomeId="1497796" points="501 909, 500 865, 497 784" position="500 865" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="115" points="164 854" /> <Input id="121" points="1135 717" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="122" points="156 711" /> <Output id="99" points="760 573" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="115" points="164 847" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>BH2 binding can lead to eNOS uncoupling</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="144" reactomeId="1497866" points="891 612, 891 712, 805 760" position="891 712" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="99" points="803 565" /> <Input id="123" points="910 605" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="116" /> </Outputs> <Properties> <displayName>Peroxynitrite can oxidise BH4 to the BH3 radical</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="145" reactomeId="1497869" points="1157 445, 1157 491, 1157 634" position="1157 491" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="127" points="1188 434" /> <Input id="124" points="1157 401" /> <Input id="125" points="1198 455" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="121" points="1157 693" /> <Output id="126" points="1175 629" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="112" points="968 456" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Salvage - Sepiapterin is reduced to q-BH2</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="146" reactomeId="1497794" points="1015 554, 958 554, 901 554" position="958 554" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="121" points="1144 693" /> <Input id="153" points="1036 538" /> <Input id="155" points="1063 554" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="99" points="803 554" /> <Output id="129" points="876 540" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="128" points="957 523" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Salvage - BH2 is reduced to BH4 by DHFR</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableInteraction id="147" interactionType="Activate" points="117 872, 157 914" position="137 893" lineWidth="2.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="115" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="131" /> </Outputs> </org.gk.render.RenderableInteraction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="148" reactomeId="1497784" points="358 598, 357 666, 131 816" position="357 666" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Association"> <Inputs> <Input id="132" points="134 605" /> <Input id="99" points="756 553, 543 533, 403 533" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="115" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="132" points="134 619" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>The cofactor BH4 is required for electron transfer in the eNOS catalytic cycle</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="159" reactomeId="9693722" points="806 383, 1025 383, 1114 383" position="1025 383" lineWidth="1.0" reactionType="Uncertain Process"> <Inputs> <Input id="103" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="124" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="172" points="1024 343" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown sepiapterin synthase transforms PTHP to sepiapterin</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="175" reactomeId="5690911" points="1519 279, 1586 278, 1637 276" position="1586 278" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="174" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="72" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="176" points="1586 255" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>ACO1:4Fe-4S isomerises CIT to ISCIT</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableInteraction id="185" interactionType="Activate" points="1500 203, 1556 224" position="1528 213" lineWidth="2.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="184" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="176" /> </Outputs> </org.gk.render.RenderableInteraction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="2237" reactomeId="9856718" points="322 1341, 363 1341, 404 1340" position="363 1341" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="2238" points="287 1323" /> <Input id="2242" points="291 1369" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="2239" points="496 1341" /> <Output id="2244" points="451 1363" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2240" points="363 1312" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>HPDL dioxygenates HPPA</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="2245" reactomeId="9856737" points="555 1341, 610 1341, 673 1341" position="610 1341" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="2239" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="2246" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2264" points="611 1312" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown enzyme(s) process 4-HMA to 4-Hbz</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="2249" reactomeId="9856794" points="781 1341, 817 1340, 857 1339" position="817 1340" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="2250" points="720 1304" /> <Input id="2246" points="727 1341" /> <Input id="2253" points="728 1378" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="14" points="1073 1218, 899 1339" /> <Output id="8" points="771 1177, 904 1282" /> <Output id="2255" points="898 1371" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2251" points="814 1305" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>Unknown dehydrogenase oxidizes 4-HBz</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="2256" reactomeId="9856502" points="221 1622, 212 1589, 189 1567" position="212 1589" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="45" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="2257" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2258" points="209 1517" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>mito-STARD7 transports Q10 to outer mitochondrial membrane</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> <org.gk.render.RenderableReaction id="2259" reactomeId="9856510" points="147 1547, 117 1547, 95 1513" position="117 1547" lineWidth="1.0"> <Inputs> <Input id="2257" /> </Inputs> <Outputs> <Output id="2260" /> </Outputs> <Catalysts> <Catalyst id="2261" points="130 1478" /> </Catalysts> <Properties> <displayName>STARD7 transports Q10 to plasma membrane</displayName> </Properties> </org.gk.render.RenderableReaction> </Edges> <Pathways /> </Process>
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