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Details on Person UniProt:P02788-2 LTF
| Class:Id | ReferenceIsoform:8970329 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | signal peptide:1-19 added on Fri February 17 2017;chain:20-710 added on Fri February 17 2017;peptide:20-67 added on Fri February 17 2017;peptide:171-201 added on Fri February 17 2017;peptide:338-343 added on Fri February 17 2017;peptide:543-547 added on Fri February 17 2017;peptide:680-686 added on Fri February 17 2017 |
| _displayName | UniProt:P02788-2 LTF |
| _timestamp | 2026-02-20 22:39:26 |
| chain | signal peptide:1-19 chain:20-710 peptide:20-67 peptide:171-201 peptide:338-343 peptide:543-547 peptide:680-686 |
| checksum | 0489CABA6D13C098 |
| comment | FUNCTION Transferrins are iron binding transport proteins which can bind two Fe(3+) ions in association with the binding of an anion, usually bicarbonate.FUNCTION Major iron-binding and multifunctional protein found in exocrine fluids such as breast milk and mucosal secretions (PubMed:11179314, PubMed:12693969, PubMed:14573629, PubMed:1599934, PubMed:3169987, PubMed:6802759). Has antimicrobial activity, which depends on the extracellular cation concentration (PubMed:6802759). Antimicrobial properties include bacteriostasis, which is related to its ability to sequester free iron and thus inhibit microbial growth, as well as direct bactericidal properties leading to the release of lipopolysaccharides from the bacterial outer membrane (PubMed:11179314, PubMed:12693969, PubMed:14573629, PubMed:1599934, PubMed:3169987, PubMed:6802759). Can also prevent bacterial biofilm development in P.aeruginosa infection (PubMed:12037568). Has weak antifungal activity against C.albicans (PubMed:11083624). Has anabolic, differentiating and anti-apoptotic effects on osteoblasts and can also inhibit osteoclastogenesis, possibly playing a role in the regulation of bone growth (PubMed:15166119). Promotes binding of species C adenoviruses to epithelial cells, promoting adenovirus infection (PubMed:17079302). Can inhibit papillomavirus infections (PubMed:17481742). Stimulates the TLR4 signaling pathway leading to NF-kappa-B activation and subsequent pro-inflammatory cytokine production while also interfering with the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TLR4 signaling (PubMed:20345905). Inhibits neutrophil granulocyte migration to sites of apoptosis, when secreted by apoptotic cells (PubMed:19033648). Stimulates VEGFA-mediated endothelial cell migration and proliferation (PubMed:16842782). Binds heparin, chondroitin sulfate and possibly other glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) (PubMed:9359845). Also binds specifically to pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA), the lipid A portion of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), lysozyme and DNA (PubMed:9359845).FUNCTION Lactoferricin binds to the bacterial surface and is crucial for the bactericidal functions. Has some antiviral activity against papillomavirus infection (PubMed:17481742). N-terminal region shows strong antifungal activity against C.albicans (PubMed:11083624). Contains two BBXB heparin-binding consensus sequences that appear to form the predominate functional GAG-binding site.FUNCTION Has antimicrobial activity and is able to permeabilize different ions through liposomal membranes.FUNCTION Has opioid antagonist activity (PubMed:1369293). Shows preference for mu-receptor (PubMed:1369293).FUNCTION Has opioid antagonist activity (PubMed:1369293). Shows higher degrees of preference for kappa-receptors than for mu-receptors (PubMed:1369293).FUNCTION Has opioid antagonist activity (PubMed:1369293). Shows higher degrees of preference for kappa-receptors than for mu-receptors (PubMed:1369293).FUNCTION The lactotransferrin transferrin-like domain 1 functions as a serine protease of the peptidase S60 family that cuts arginine rich regions (PubMed:12535064). This function contributes to the antimicrobial activity (PubMed:12535064). Shows a preferential cleavage at -Arg-Ser-Arg-Arg-|- and -Arg-Arg-Ser-Arg-|-, and of Z-Phe-Arg-|-aminomethylcoumarin sites (PubMed:12535064).FUNCTION Transcription factor with antiproliferative properties and ability to induce cell cycle arrest (PubMed:15222485). Binds to the DeltaLf response element found in the SKP1, BAX, DCPS, and SELENOH promoters (PubMed:22320386).SUBUNIT Monomer. Found in a complex with LTF, CLU, EPPIN and SEMG1. Found in a complex with MPO and LTF; interacts directly with CP, allows Fe(3+) incorporation into LTF and activation of CP ferroxidase activity (PubMed:23843990).SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts (via N-terminus) with Human adenovirus C serotype 5 hexon protein; this interaction seems to be part of the mechanisms of cellular entry by the virus.INTERACTION Secreted into most exocrine fluids by various endothelial cells. Stored in the secondary granules of neutrophils.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Mainly localized in the cytoplasm.ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS High levels are found in saliva and tears, intermediate levels in serum and plasma, and low levels in urine. In kidney, detected in the distal collecting tubules in the medulla but not in the cortical region or in blood vessels. Detected in peripheral blood neutrophils (at protein level). Isoform 1 and isoform DeltaLf are expressed in breast, prostate, spleen, pancreas, kidney, small intestine, lung, skeletal muscle, uterus, thymus and fetal liver. Isoform 1 is expressed in brain, testis and peripheral blood leukocytes; isoform DeltaLf is barely detectable in these tissues. Isoform DeltaLf is expressed in placenta, liver and ovary; isoform 1 is barely detectable in these tissues. In kidney, isoform 1 is expressed at high levels in the collecting tubules of the medulla but at very low levels in the cortex.PTM Phosphorylation at Ser-10 activates the transcriptional activity (PubMed:20404350). Phosphorylation at Ser-10 also promotes proteasomal degradation (PubMed:20404350). Alternatively can undergo O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-10 (PubMed:20404350).PTM O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-10 inhibits DNA binding and negatively regulates the transcriptional activity (PubMed:20404350). Alternatively can undergo phosphorylation at Ser-10 (PubMed:20404350).PTM Poly-N-acetyllactosaminic carbohydrate moiety seems to be needed for TLR4 activation.MASS SPECTROMETRY The sequence shown corresponds to the reference genome sequence and is likely to represent the minor allele, whereas most publications refer to the longer sequence containing variant Arg-22 ins. Insertion of the additional arginine in variant Arg-22 ins creates an N-terminal basic cluster of four arginines, all of which appear to be important for the full functionality of the protein, including bactericidal and antifungal activities as well as binding to glycosaminoglycans, pspA, LPS, lysozyme and DNA.MISCELLANEOUS Contains a phosphoserine at position 10 (alternate). Contains a O-linked (GlcNAc) serine at position 10 (alternate). O-GlcNAcylation at Ser-10 inhibits DNA binding and negatively regulates DeltaLf transcriptional activity, whereas phosphorylation activates it. Phosphorylation at Ser-10 also promotes proteasomal degradation.SIMILARITY Belongs to the transferrin family.ONLINE INFORMATION Lactotransferrin entry |
| created | [InstanceEdit:8964659] Weiser, JD |
| description | recommendedName: Lactotransferrin shortName: Lactoferrin ecNumber evidence="12"3.4.21.- alternativeName: Growth-inhibiting protein 12 alternativeName: Talalactoferrin component recommendedName: Lactoferricin-H shortName: Lfcin-H /component component recommendedName: Kaliocin-1 /component component recommendedName: Lactoferroxin-A /component component recommendedName: Lactoferroxin-B /component component recommendedName: Lactoferroxin-C /component |
| geneName | LTF GIG12 LF |
| identifier | P02788 |
| isoformParent | |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Alternative promoter usage Antibiotic Antimicrobial Cytoplasm Direct protein sequencing Disulfide bond DNA-binding Glycoprotein Heparin-binding Hydrolase Immunity Ion transport Iron Iron transport Isopeptide bond Metal-binding Nucleus Osteogenesis Protease Proteomics identification Reference proteome Repeat Secreted Serine protease Signal Transcription Transcription regulation Transport Ubl conjugation |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9909836] Weiser, Joel, 2024-05-14 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20 |
| name | LTF |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8957667] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000012223 LTF [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | TRFL_HUMAN A8K9U8 B2MV13 B7Z4X2 E7EQH5 O00756 Q16780 Q16785 Q16786 Q16789 Q5DSM0 Q8IU92 Q8IZH6 Q8TCD2 Q96KZ4 Q96KZ5 Q9H1Z3 Q9UCY5 |
| sequenceLength | 710 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| variantIdentifier | P02788-2 |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P02788-2 LTF (8970329)
