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Details on Person UniProt:Q13315 ATM

Class:Id	ReferenceGeneProduct:85553
_chainChangeLog	initiator methionine:1 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:2-3056 added on Fri February 6 2015;initiator methionine:1 for 85553 removed on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 85553 added on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 85553 removed on Fri Aug 15 2025;initiator methionine:1 for 85553 added on Fri Aug 15 2025
_displayName	UniProt:Q13315 ATM
_timestamp	2025-08-15 21:58:58
chain	initiator methionine:1 chain:2-3056
checksum	C0B4866E1E3199E2
comment	FUNCTION Serine/threonine protein kinase which activates checkpoint signaling upon double strand breaks (DSBs), apoptosis and genotoxic stresses such as ionizing ultraviolet A light (UVA), thereby acting as a DNA damage sensor (PubMed:10550055, PubMed:10839545, PubMed:10910365, PubMed:12556884, PubMed:14871926, PubMed:15064416, PubMed:15448695, PubMed:15456891, PubMed:15790808, PubMed:15916964, PubMed:17923702, PubMed:21757780, PubMed:24534091, PubMed:35076389, PubMed:9733514). Recognizes the substrate consensus sequence [ST]-Q (PubMed:10550055, PubMed:10839545, PubMed:10910365, PubMed:12556884, PubMed:14871926, PubMed:15448695, PubMed:15456891, PubMed:15916964, PubMed:17923702, PubMed:24534091, PubMed:9733514). Phosphorylates 'Ser-139' of histone variant H2AX at double strand breaks (DSBs), thereby regulating DNA damage response mechanism (By similarity). Also plays a role in pre-B cell allelic exclusion, a process leading to expression of a single immunoglobulin heavy chain allele to enforce clonality and monospecific recognition by the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) expressed on individual B-lymphocytes. After the introduction of DNA breaks by the RAG complex on one immunoglobulin allele, acts by mediating a repositioning of the second allele to pericentromeric heterochromatin, preventing accessibility to the RAG complex and recombination of the second allele. Also involved in signal transduction and cell cycle control. May function as a tumor suppressor. Necessary for activation of ABL1 and SAPK. Phosphorylates DYRK2, CHEK2, p53/TP53, FBXW7, FANCD2, NFKBIA, BRCA1, CREBBP/CBP, RBBP8/CTIP, FBXO46, MRE11, nibrin (NBN), RAD50, RAD17, PELI1, TERF1, UFL1, RAD9, UBQLN4 and DCLRE1C (PubMed:10550055, PubMed:10766245, PubMed:10802669, PubMed:10839545, PubMed:10910365, PubMed:10973490, PubMed:11375976, PubMed:12086603, PubMed:15456891, PubMed:19965871, PubMed:21757780, PubMed:24534091, PubMed:26240375, PubMed:26774286, PubMed:30171069, PubMed:30612738, PubMed:30886146, PubMed:30952868, PubMed:38128537, PubMed:9733515, PubMed:9843217). May play a role in vesicle and/or protein transport. Could play a role in T-cell development, gonad and neurological function. Plays a role in replication-dependent histone mRNA degradation. Binds DNA ends. Phosphorylation of DYRK2 in nucleus in response to genotoxic stress prevents its MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome degradation (PubMed:19965871). Phosphorylates ATF2 which stimulates its function in DNA damage response (PubMed:15916964). Phosphorylates ERCC6 which is essential for its chromatin remodeling activity at DNA double-strand breaks (PubMed:29203878). Phosphorylates TTC5/STRAP at 'Ser-203' in the cytoplasm in response to DNA damage, which promotes TTC5/STRAP nuclear localization (PubMed:15448695). Also involved in pexophagy by mediating phosphorylation of PEX5: translocated to peroxisomes in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), and catalyzes phosphorylation of PEX5, promoting PEX5 ubiquitination and induction of pexophagy (PubMed:26344566).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-seryl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-threonyl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)ACTIVITY REGULATION Activated by the MRN (MRE11-RAD50-NBS1) complex in response to DNA double strand breaks (DSBs), which recruits ATM to DSBs and promotes its activation (PubMed:15064416, PubMed:15790808, PubMed:35076389). Inhibited by wortmannin (PubMed:9766667).SUBUNIT Homodimer (PubMed:12556884, PubMed:15790808, PubMed:28508083). Dimers or tetramers in inactive state (PubMed:12556884, PubMed:15790808, PubMed:28508083). On DNA damage, autophosphorylation dissociates ATM into monomers rendering them catalytically active (PubMed:12556884, PubMed:28508083). Binds p53/TP53, ABL1, BRCA1 and TERF1 (PubMed:15790808, PubMed:9168117, PubMed:9843217). Interacts with NBN (via FxF/Y motif) (PubMed:35076389). Part of the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC), which contains BRCA1, MSH2, MSH6, MLH1, ATM, BLM, PMS2 and the RAD50-MRE11-NBN protein complex (PubMed:10783165). This association could be a dynamic process changing throughout the cell cycle and within subnuclear domains (PubMed:10783165). Interacts with RAD17; DNA damage promotes the association (PubMed:11418864). Interacts with EEF1E1; the interaction, induced on DNA damage, up-regulates TP53 (PubMed:15680327). Interacts with KAT8, NABP2, ATMIN and CEP164 (PubMed:15923642, PubMed:17525732, PubMed:18283122, PubMed:18449195). Interacts with AP2B1 and AP3B2; the interaction occurs in cytoplasmic vesicles (By similarity). Interacts with TELO2 and TTI1 (PubMed:20427287, PubMed:20801936, PubMed:20810650). Interacts with DDX1 (PubMed:18710941). Interacts with BRAT1 (PubMed:22977523). Interacts with CYREN (via XLF motif) (By similarity). Interacts (via microbody targeting signal) with PEX5; promoting translocation to peroxisomes in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) (PubMed:26344566).INTERACTION Primarily nuclear (PubMed:9050866, PubMed:9150358). Found also in endocytic vesicles in association with beta-adaptin (PubMed:9707615). Translocated to peroxisomes in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) by PEX5 (PubMed:26344566).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Found in pancreas, kidney, skeletal muscle, liver, lung, placenta, brain, heart, spleen, thymus, testis, ovary, small intestine, colon and leukocytes.INDUCTION By ionizing radiation.DOMAIN The FATC domain is required for interaction with KAT5.PTM Phosphorylated by NUAK1/ARK5 (PubMed:12409306). Autophosphorylation on Ser-367, Ser-1893, Ser-1981 correlates with DNA damage-mediated activation of the kinase (PubMed:12556884, PubMed:15790808, PubMed:16141325, PubMed:16858402, PubMed:21144835, PubMed:27664052). During the late stages of DNA damage response, dephosphorylated following deacetylation by SIRT7, leading to ATM deactivation (PubMed:30944854).PTM Acetylation, on DNA damage, is required for activation of the kinase activity, dimer-monomer transition, and subsequent autophosphorylation on Ser-1981 (PubMed:12556884, PubMed:16141325, PubMed:16858402, PubMed:17923702, PubMed:21144835). Acetylated in vitro by KAT5/TIP60 (PubMed:16141325). Deacetylated by SIRT7 during the late stages of DNA damage response, promoting ATM dephosphorylation and subsequent deactivation (PubMed:30944854).DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.DISEASE Defects in ATM may contribute to T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (TALL) and T-prolymphocytic leukemia (TPLL). TPLL is characterized by a high white blood cell count, with a predominance of prolymphocytes, marked splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, skin lesions and serous effusion. The clinical course is highly aggressive, with poor response to chemotherapy and short survival time. TPLL occurs both in adults as a sporadic disease and in younger AT patients.DISEASE Defects in ATM may contribute to B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (BNHL), including mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).DISEASE Defects in ATM may contribute to B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (BCLL). BCLL is the commonest form of leukemia in the elderly. It is characterized by the accumulation of mature CD5+ B-lymphocytes, lymphadenopathy, immunodeficiency and bone marrow failure.SIMILARITY Belongs to the PI3/PI4-kinase family. ATM subfamily.SEQUENCE CAUTION Truncated N-terminus.SEQUENCE CAUTION Probable cloning artifact.SEQUENCE CAUTION Truncated N-terminus.SEQUENCE CAUTION Probable cloning artifact.SEQUENCE CAUTION Ataxia telangiectasia mutated entry
description	recommendedName: Serine-protein kinase ATM ecNumber evidence="29 32 38 60 65 79 100"2.7.11.1 alternativeName: Ataxia telangiectasia mutated shortName: A-T mutated
geneName	ATM
identifier	Q13315
isSequenceChanged	FALSE
keyword	3D-structure Acetylation ATP-binding Cell cycle Cytoplasm Cytoplasmic vesicle Cytoskeleton Disease variant DNA damage DNA-binding Kinase Neurodegeneration Nucleotide-binding Nucleus Peroxisome Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome Serine/threonine-protein kinase Transferase Tumor suppressor
modified	[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15
name	ATM
referenceDatabase	[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene	[ReferenceDNASequence:6797724] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000149311 ATM [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifier	ATM_HUMAN B2RNX5 O15429 Q12758 Q16551 Q93007 Q9NP02 Q9UCX7
sequenceLength	3056
species	[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(referenceEntity)	[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:69484] ATM [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:75145] p-S1981-ATM [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:5682043] Ac-K3016-ATM [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:5693527] p-S1981,Ac-K3016-ATM [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9665169] ATM [peroxisomal matrix] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9665171] ATM [cytosol] [Homo sapiens]
(referenceSequence)	[ModifiedResidue:75144] O-phospho-L-serine at 1981 [ModifiedResidue:5682047] N6-acetyl-L-lysine at 3016
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