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Details on Person UniProt:O35134 Polr1a
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:73703 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | chain:1-1717 added on Fri February 6 2015 |
| _displayName | UniProt:O35134 Polr1a |
| _timestamp | 2025-02-21 18:41:30 |
| chain | chain:1-1717 |
| checksum | E78B7E3F6F7129F1 |
| comment | FUNCTION Catalytic core component of RNA polymerase I (Pol I), a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase which synthesizes ribosomal RNA precursors using the four ribonucleoside triphosphates as substrates. Transcribes 47S pre-rRNAs from multicopy rRNA gene clusters, giving rise to 5.8S, 18S and 28S ribosomal RNAs (By similarity). Pol I-mediated transcription cycle proceeds through transcription initiation, transcription elongation and transcription termination stages. During transcription initiation, Pol I pre-initiation complex (PIC) is recruited by the selectivity factor 1 (SL1/TIF-IB) complex bound to the core promoter that precedes an rDNA repeat unit. The PIC assembly bends the promoter favoring the formation of the transcription bubble and promoter escape. Once the polymerase has escaped from the promoter it enters the elongation phase during which RNA is actively polymerized, based on complementarity with the template DNA strand. Highly processive, assembles in structures referred to as 'Miller trees' where many elongating Pol I complexes queue and transcribe the same rDNA coding regions. At terminator sequences downstream of the rDNA gene, PTRF interacts with Pol I and halts Pol I transcription leading to the release of the RNA transcript and polymerase from the DNA (By similarity). Forms Pol I active center together with the second largest subunit POLR1B/RPA2. Appends one nucleotide at a time to the 3' end of the nascent RNA, with POLR1A/RPA1 contributing a Mg(2+)-coordinating DxDGD motif, and POLR1B/RPA2 participating in the coordination of a second Mg(2+) ion and providing lysine residues believed to facilitate Watson-Crick base pairing between the incoming nucleotide and the template base. Typically, Mg(2+) ions direct a 5' nucleoside triphosphate to form a phosphodiester bond with the 3' hydroxyl of the preceding nucleotide of the nascent RNA, with the elimination of pyrophosphate. Has proofreading activity: Pauses and backtracks to allow the cleavage of a missincorporated nucleotide via POLR1H/RPA12. High Pol I processivity is associated with decreased transcription fidelity (By similarity) (PubMed:10589839).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY RNA(n) + a ribonucleoside 5'-triphosphate = RNA(n+1) + diphosphateCOFACTOR Two Mg(2+) ions are coordinated by both the catalytic residues and the nucleic acid substrate to enhance substrate recognition and catalytic efficiency.SUBUNIT Component of the RNA polymerase I (Pol I) complex consisting of 13 subunits: a ten-subunit catalytic core composed of POLR1A/RPA1, POLR1B/RPA2, POLR1C/RPAC1, POLR1D/RPAC2, POLR1H/RPA12, POLR2E/RPABC1, POLR2F/RPABC2, POLR2H/RPABC3, POLR2K/RPABC4 and POLR2L/RPABC5; a mobile stalk subunit POLR1F/RPA43 protruding from the core and additional subunits homologous to general transcription factors POLR1E/RPA49 and POLR1G/RPA34. Part of Pol I pre-initiation complex (PIC), in which Pol I core assembles with RRN3 and promoter-bound UTBF and SL1/TIF-IB complex. Interacts (via dock II domain) with TOP2A; this interaction may assist Pol I transcription initiation by releasing supercoils occurring during DNA unwinding (By similarity). Interacts with CAVIN1; this interaction induces the dissociation of Pol I complex paused at rDNA terminator sequences (PubMed:10589839). Interacts with MYO1C (PubMed:16514417). Interacts with ERBB2. Interacts with DDX11. Interacts with RECQL5 (By similarity).SUBCELLULAR LOCATION The clamps form the DNA-binding cleft.DOMAIN The bridging helix crosses the cleft near the catalytic site and is thought to promote polymerase translocation by acting as a ratchet that moves the DNA-RNA hybrid through the active site.DOMAIN The trigger loop allows entry of NTPs into the active site, switching between an open and closed state with each NTP addition cycle.DOMAIN The funnel accommodates POLR1H/RPA12 favoring mismatched RNA cleavage upon backtracking.DOMAIN The high mobility group-like domain (dock II; residues 1060-1155) binds TOP2A, but cannot bind DNA; may assist Pol I initiation by releasing supercoils occurring during DNA unwinding.PTM Phosphorylated.DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE Conditional knockdown results in craniofacial, cardiac and neurodevelopmental anomalies.SIMILARITY Belongs to the RNA polymerase beta' chain family. |
| description | recommendedName: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit RPA1 shortName: RNA polymerase I subunit A1 ecNumber evidence="3"2.7.7.6 alternativeName: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I largest subunit alternativeName: DNA-directed RNA polymerase I subunit A alternativeName: RNA polymerase I 194 kDa subunit shortName: RPA194 |
| geneName | Polr1a Rpa1 Rpo1-4 |
| identifier | O35134 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | Chromosome DNA-directed RNA polymerase Magnesium Metal-binding Nucleotidyltransferase Nucleus Phosphoprotein Reference proteome Transcription Transferase Zinc |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:84067] Schmidt, EE, 2003-12-18 04:29:09 [InstanceEdit:143527] Schmidt, EE, 2004-11-12 07:45:10 [InstanceEdit:217385] Schmidt, EE, 2008-03-27 06:23:53 [InstanceEdit:354386] Schmidt, EE, 2008-06-18 04:45:12 [InstanceEdit:384350] Kanapin, AA, 2008-11-26 14:00:39 [InstanceEdit:392885] Kanapin, AA, 2009-03-09 12:07:18 [InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35 [InstanceEdit:423310] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435478] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:447347] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:525883] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:613449] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:797602] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:937368] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1042053] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1220657] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1300696] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1301627] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1551960] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:1995863] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2132304] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2265580] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5433710] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5618415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5634237] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5673015] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9037114] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9637257] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9657908] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9676415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9715482] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9773244] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9909836] Weiser, Joel, 2024-05-14 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 |
| name | Polr1a |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| secondaryIdentifier | RPA1_MOUSE Q7TSA9 |
| sequenceLength | 1717 |
| species | [Species:48892] Mus musculus |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:73704] p194 [nucleoplasm] [Mus musculus] |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:O35134 Polr1a (73703)
