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Details on Person UniProt:O60216 RAD21
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:69952 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | chain:1-631 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:280-631 for 69952 added on Fri February 15 2019 |
| _displayName | UniProt:O60216 RAD21 |
| _timestamp | 2024-11-03 20:20:59 |
| chain | chain:1-631 chain:280-631 |
| checksum | 7D4A6EA6392BE73D |
| comment | FUNCTION As a member of the cohesin complex, involved in sister chromatid cohesion from the time of DNA replication in S phase to their segregation in mitosis, a function that is essential for proper chromosome segregation, post-replicative DNA repair, and the prevention of inappropriate recombination between repetitive regions (PubMed:11509732). The cohesin complex may also play a role in spindle pole assembly during mitosis (PubMed:11590136). In interphase, cohesins may function in the control of gene expression by binding to numerous sites within the genome (By similarity). May control RUNX1 gene expression (Probable). Binds to and represses APOB gene promoter (PubMed:25575569). May play a role in embryonic gut development, possibly through the regulation of enteric neuron development (By similarity).FUNCTION May promote apoptosis.SUBUNIT Component of the cohesin complex, which consists of an SMC1A/B and SMC3 heterodimer core and 2 non-Smc subunits RAD21 and STAG1/SA1, STAG2/SA2 or STAG3/SA3 (PubMed:10931856, PubMed:11590136, PubMed:22628566, PubMed:25575569, PubMed:32409525). Interacts (via C-terminus) with SMC1A and (via N-terminus) with SMC3; these interactions are direct (PubMed:12198550, PubMed:32409525). The cohesin complex interacts with NUMA1 (PubMed:11590136). The cohesin complex also interacts with CDCA5, PDS5A and PDS5B; this interaction might regulate the ability of the cohesin complex to mediate sister chromatid cohesion (PubMed:15837422). The interaction with PDS5B is direct and is stimulated by STAG1/SA1 (PubMed:19696148). The cohesin complex interacts with the cohesin loading complex subunits NIPBL/Scc2 (via HEAT repeats) and MAU2/Scc4 (PubMed:22628566). NIPBL directly contacts all members of the complex, RAD21, SMC1A/B, SMC3 and STAG1 (PubMed:32409525). The cohesin complex interacts with DDX11/ChIR1 (PubMed:17105772). Directly interacts with WAPL; this interaction is stimulated by STAG1/SA1 (PubMed:19696148). Interacts with the ISWI chromatin remodeling complex component SMARCA5/SNF2h; the interaction is direct (PubMed:12198550). Interacts with the NuRD complex component CHD4; the interaction is direct (PubMed:12198550).INTERACTION Associates with chromatin (PubMed:11073952, PubMed:11590136). Before prophase, scattered along chromosome arms (PubMed:11073952). During prophase and prometaphase, most cohesins dissociate from the arms of condensing chromosome, possibly through PLK1-mediated phosphorylation (PubMed:11931760). A small amount of cohesin remains in centromeric regions and is removed from chromosomes only at the onset of anaphase. At anaphase, cleavage by separase/ESPL1 leads to the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes and chromosome separation (PubMed:11073952, PubMed:11509732).SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Expressed in the gut (at protein level).DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE Regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner: expression increases in late S phase and reaches maximum in G2 at the nucleotide level (PubMed:8812457). Not regulated during the cell cycle (at protein level) (PubMed:11073952).DOMAIN The C-terminal part associates with the ATPase head of SMC1A, while the N-terminal part binds to the ATPase head of SMC3.PTM Cleaved by separase/ESPL1 at the onset of anaphase; this cleavage is required for sister chromatid separation and cytokinesis (PubMed:11509732). Cleaved by caspase-3/CASP3 or caspase-7/CASP7 at the beginning of apoptosis (PubMed:11875078, PubMed:12417729).PTM Phosphorylated; becomes hyperphosphorylated in M phase of cell cycle. The large dissociation of cohesin from chromosome arms during prophase may be partly due to its phosphorylation by PLK1.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the rad21 family.SEQUENCE CAUTION Extended N-terminus. |
| description | recommendedName: Double-strand-break repair protein rad21 homolog shortName evidence="28"hHR21 alternativeName: fullName evidence="23"Nuclear matrix protein 1 shortName evidence="23"NXP-1 alternativeName: SCC1 homolog component recommendedName: fullName evidence="27"64-kDa C-terminal product alternativeName: fullName evidence="27"64-kDa carboxy-terminal product alternativeName: fullName evidence="26"65-kDa carboxy-terminal product /component |
| geneName | RAD21 HR21 KIAA0078 NXP1 SCC1 |
| identifier | O60216 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Activator Apoptosis Cell cycle Cell division Centromere Chromosome Chromosome partition Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Developmental protein Direct protein sequencing Disease variant DNA damage DNA repair DNA-binding Intellectual disability Isopeptide bond Mitosis Nucleus Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome Repressor Transcription Transcription regulation Ubl conjugation |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 |
| name | RAD21 |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:9001386] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000164754 RAD21 [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | RAD21_HUMAN A8K0E0 Q15001 Q99568 |
| sequenceLength | 631 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:163018] p-S454-RAD21 [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:163042] RAD21 [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:1638775] RAD21 [chromosome] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2466012] RAD21 [chromosome, centromeric region] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2467790] p-S454-RAD21(451-631) [chromosome, centromeric region] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2467793] RAD21(1-172) [chromosome, centromeric region] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2484795] RAD21 [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2484899] RAD21(451-631) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2484901] RAD21(1-172) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:2485163] p-S454-RAD21 [chromosome, centromeric region] [Homo sapiens] |
| (referenceSequence) | [ModifiedResidue:163031] O-phospho-L-serine at 454 [ModifiedResidue:2500304] O-phospho-L-serine at 454 [GroupModifiedResidue:3108228] sumoylated lysine (monoSUMO1 [nucleoplasm]) at unknown position |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:O60216 RAD21 (69952)
