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Details on Person Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous, evolutionary anc...

Class:IdSummation:6789190
_displayNameIron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous, evolutionary anc...
_timestamp2018-10-24 04:57:05
created[InstanceEdit:6789177] Shamovsky, Veronica, 2015-07-29
literatureReference[Book:6789145] Rouault, Tracey A 3110308428 Iron-Sulfur Clusters in Chemistry and Biology Iron-sulfur clusters and molecular oxygen: function, adaptation, degradation, and repair
modified[InstanceEdit:9626014] Shamovsky, Veronica, 2018-10-24
textIron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are ubiquitous, evolutionary ancient and functionally versatile prosthetic groups found in a variety of metalloproteins. In most Fe-S proteins, the clusters function as electron-transfer groups in mediating one-electron redox processes. Fe-S clusters may also participate in iron/sulfur storage or regulate enzyme activity and substrate binding. As stress sensors, Fe-S clusters may regulate gene expression. Fe-S clusters have variable compositions such as 2Fe-2S, 3Fe-4S, 4Fe-4S centers. Solvent-exposed [4Fe-4S](2+) clusters are sensitive to oxidation and can be damaged (or disassembled) by reactive oxygen species. Superoxide (O2.-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) oxidize [4Fe-4S](2+) into unstable [4Fe-4S](3+) intermediate, which is degraded to a [3Fe-4S](+) cluster. This process releases free iron (Fe(2+)) and inactivates the enzyme. High concentration of Fe(2+) under oxidative stress elevates ROS toxicity by catalyzing Fenton reaction that generates hydroxyl radical (OH.) from H2O2. Hydroxyl radical reacts with all macromolecules, including proteins, peptidoglycans, lipids or DNA.
(summation)[Reaction:6789109] Superoxide anion reacts with Fe-S cluster [Homo sapiens]
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