Reactome: A Curated Pathway Database
THIS SITE IS USED FOR CURATION AND TESTING
IT IS NOT STABLE, IS LINKED TO AN INCOMPLETE DATA SET, AND IS NOT MONITORED FOR PERFORMANCE. WE STRONGLY RECOMMEND THE USE OF OUR PUBLIC SITE

Query author contributions in Reactome

Reactome depends on collaboration between our curation team and outside experts to assemble and peer-review its pathway modules. The integration of ORCID within Reactome enables us to meet a key challenge with authoring, curating and reviewing biological information by incentivizing and crediting the external experts that contribute their expertise and time to the Reactome curation process. More information is available at ORCID and Reactome.

If you have an ORCID ID that is not listed on this page, please forward this information to us and we will update your Reactome pathway records.

Name Email address

Details on Person UniProt:P17643 TYRP1

Class:IdReferenceGeneProduct:66641
_chainChangeLogsignal peptide:1-24 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:25-537 added on Fri February 6 2015
_displayNameUniProt:P17643 TYRP1
_timestamp2025-05-21 21:16:02
chainsignal peptide:1-24
chain:25-537
checksum1051CEEF52908CCA
commentFUNCTION Plays a role in melanin biosynthesis (PubMed:16704458, PubMed:22556244, PubMed:23504663). Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) into indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but not in the presence of Zn(2+) (PubMed:28661582). May regulate or influence the type of melanin synthesized (PubMed:16704458, PubMed:22556244). Also to a lower extent, capable of hydroxylating tyrosine and producing melanin (By similarity).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 2 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate + O2 = 2 indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylate + 2 H2OCOFACTOR Contains bound zinc ions after heterologous expression in insect cells, giving rise to a protein that lacks DHICA oxidase activity.ACTIVITY REGULATION The activity depends critically on the nature of the bound metal ion. Catalyzes the oxidation of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA) in the presence of bound Cu(2+) ions, but lacks activity in the presence of bound Zn(2+) ions.PATHWAY Pigment biosynthesis; melanin biosynthesis.SUBUNIT Monomer (PubMed:28661582). Interacts with ATP7A (By similarity) (PubMed:28661582). Interacts with SLC45A2 (By similarity).INTERACTION Located to mature stage III and IV melanosomes and apposed endosomal tubular membranes. Transported to pigmented melanosomes by the BLOC-1 complex. Proper trafficking to melanosome is regulated by SGSM2, ANKRD27, RAB9A, RAB32 and RAB38.TISSUE SPECIFICITY Pigment cells.PTM Glycosylated.POLYMORPHISM Genetic variants in TYRP1 define the skin/hair/eye pigmentation variation locus 11 (SHEP11) [MIM:612271] and are responsible for variability in hair color linked to chromosome 9p23 in Melanesians. Hair, eye and skin pigmentation are among the most visible examples of human phenotypic variation, with a broad normal range that is subject to substantial geographic stratification.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the tyrosinase family.CAUTION The precise function of this protein in melanin biosynthesis is still under debate. DHICA oxidase activity is controversial (PubMed:28661582, PubMed:9758418). Lacks DHICA oxidase activity (PubMed:9758418). Has DHICA oxidase activity in the presence of Cu(2+), but lacks DHICA oxidase activity with Zn(2+) (PubMed:28661582).ONLINE INFORMATION TYRP1 mutations
descriptionrecommendedName: 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid oxidase shortName: DHICA oxidase ecNumber evidence="6"1.14.18.- alternativeName: Catalase B alternativeName: fullName evidence="8"Glycoprotein 75 alternativeName: fullName evidence="11"Melanoma antigen gp75 alternativeName: fullName evidence="12"Tyrosinase-related protein 1 shortName evidence="10"TRP shortName: TRP-1 shortName: TRP1
geneNameTYRP1
CAS2
TYRP
TYRRP
identifierP17643
isSequenceChangedFALSE
keyword3D-structure
Albinism
Copper
Direct protein sequencing
Disease variant
Disulfide bond
Glycoprotein
Melanin biosynthesis
Membrane
Metal-binding
Monooxygenase
Oxidoreductase
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome
Signal
Transmembrane
Transmembrane helix
Zinc
modified[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25
[InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09
[InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
[InstanceEdit:9948485] Weiser, Joel, 2025-05-21
nameTYRP1
referenceDatabase[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene[ReferenceDNASequence:8994587] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000107165 TYRP1 [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifierTYRP1_HUMAN
P78468
P78469
Q13721
Q15679
sequenceLength537
species[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(referenceEntity)[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:8878574] TYRP1 [melanosome membrane] [Homo sapiens]
[Change default viewing format]
No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P17643 TYRP1 (66641)