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Details on Person UniProt:P48061-1 CXCL12
| Class:Id | ReferenceIsoform:64236 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | signal peptide:1-21 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:22-93 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:24-93 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:24-88 added on Fri February 6 2015 |
| _displayName | UniProt:P48061-1 CXCL12 |
| _timestamp | 2026-02-20 22:04:03 |
| chain | signal peptide:1-21 chain:22-93 chain:24-93 chain:24-88 |
| checksum | 505B5A29C2B44E8D |
| comment | FUNCTION Chemoattractant active on T-lymphocytes and monocytes but not neutrophils (PubMed:18802065, PubMed:39093700). Activates the C-X-C chemokine receptor CXCR4 to induce a rapid and transient rise in the level of intracellular calcium ions and chemotaxis (PubMed:8752281, PubMed:18802065, PubMed:39093700). Also binds to atypical chemokine receptor ACKR3, which activates the beta-arrestin pathway and acts as a scavenger receptor for CXCL12/SDF-1 (PubMed:16107333, PubMed:19255243). Binds to the allosteric site (site 2) of integrins and activates integrins ITGAV:ITGB3, ITGA4:ITGB1 and ITGA5:ITGB1 in a CXCR4-independent manner (PubMed:29301984). Acts as a positive regulator of monocyte migration and a negative regulator of monocyte adhesion via the LYN kinase (PubMed:18802065). Stimulates migration of monocytes and T-lymphocytes through its receptors, CXCR4 and ACKR3, and decreases monocyte adherence to surfaces coated with ICAM-1, a ligand for beta-2 integrins (PubMed:16107333, PubMed:18802065, PubMed:19255243, PubMed:39093700). CXCR4 signaling axis inhibits beta-2 integrin LFA-1 mediated adhesion of monocytes to ICAM-1 through LYN kinase (PubMed:18802065). Inhibits CXCR4-mediated infection by T-cell line-adapted HIV-1 (PubMed:8752281). Plays a protective role after myocardial infarction. Induces down-regulation and internalization of ACKR3 expressed in various cells. Has several critical functions during embryonic development; required for B-cell lymphopoiesis, myelopoiesis in bone marrow and heart ventricular septum formation (By similarity). Stimulates the proliferation of bone marrow-derived B-cell progenitors in the presence of IL7 as well as growth of stromal cell-dependent pre-B-cells (By similarity).FUNCTION Shows a reduced chemotactic activity.FUNCTION Shows a reduced chemotactic activity (PubMed:14525775). Binding to cell surface proteoglycans seems to inhibit formation of SDF-1-alpha(3-67) and thus to preserve activity on local sites (PubMed:14525775).SUBUNIT Monomer or homodimer; in equilibrium (PubMed:15741341). Dimer formation is induced by non acidic pH and the presence of multivalent anions, and by binding to CXCR4 or heparin (PubMed:15741341). Monomeric form is required for full chemotactic activity and resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury, whereas the dimeric form acts as a partial agonist of CXCR4, stimulating Ca2+ mobilization but with no chemotactic activity and instead acts as a selective antagonist that blocks chemotaxis induced by the monomeric form. Interacts with the N-terminus of ACKR3. Interacts with integrin subunit ITGB3 (via the allosteric site (site 2)) (PubMed:29301984). Interacts with TNFAIP6 (via Link domain).SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts with molluscum contagiosum virus protein MC148.INTERACTION Isoform Alpha and isoform Beta are ubiquitously expressed, with highest levels detected in liver, pancreas and spleen. Isoform Gamma is mainly expressed in heart, with weak expression detected in several other tissues. Isoform Delta, isoform Epsilon and isoform Theta have highest expression levels in pancreas, with lower levels detected in heart, kidney, liver and spleen.DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE Isoform Alpha is ubiquitously expressed in fetal tissues. Isoform Beta and isoform Delta have more limited expression patterns, with highest levels detected in fetal spleen and fetal liver, respectively. Isoform Gamma and isoform Theta are weakly detected in fetal kidney.PTM Processed forms SDF-1-beta(3-72) and SDF-1-alpha(3-67) are produced after secretion by proteolytic cleavage of isoforms Beta and Alpha, respectively. The N-terminal processing is probably achieved by DPP4. Isoform Alpha is first cleaved at the C-terminus to yield a SDF-1-alpha(1-67) intermediate before being processed at the N-terminus. The C-terminal processing of isoform Alpha is reduced by binding to heparin and, probably, cell surface proteoglycans.MASS SPECTROMETRY The measured range is 22-89.MASS SPECTROMETRY The measured range is 24-88.MASS SPECTROMETRY The measured range is 22-93.MASS SPECTROMETRY The measured range is 24-93.SIMILARITY Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.ONLINE INFORMATION SDF-1 entry |
| description | recommendedName: fullName evidence="33"Stromal cell-derived factor 1 shortName evidence="33"SDF-1 shortName: hSDF-1 alternativeName: C-X-C motif chemokine 12 alternativeName: Intercrine reduced in hepatomas shortName: IRH shortName: hIRH alternativeName: Pre-B cell growth-stimulating factor shortName: PBSF component recommendedName: SDF-1-beta(3-72) /component component recommendedName: SDF-1-alpha(3-67) /component |
| geneName | CXCL12 SDF1 SDF1A SDF1B |
| identifier | P48061 |
| isoformParent | |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Alternative splicing Chemotaxis Cytokine Disulfide bond Growth factor Host-virus interaction Proteomics identification Reference proteome Secreted Signal |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20 |
| name | CXCL12 |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8954200] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000107562 CXCL12 [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | SDF1_HUMAN B2R4G0 E7EVL0 H7BYN8 Q2L985 Q2L986 Q2L988 Q5IT36 Q6ICW0 Q9H554 |
| sequenceLength | 93 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| variantIdentifier | P48061-1 |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P48061-1 CXCL12 (64236)
