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Details on Person UniProt:P19793 RXRA
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:63882 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | chain:1-462 added on Fri February 6 2015 |
| _displayName | UniProt:P19793 RXRA |
| _timestamp | 2025-02-21 19:32:19 |
| chain | chain:1-462 |
| checksum | 7F952B580AD84C42 |
| comment | FUNCTION Receptor for retinoic acid that acts as a transcription factor (PubMed:10874028, PubMed:11162439, PubMed:11915042, PubMed:37478846). Forms homo- or heterodimers with retinoic acid receptors (RARs) and binds to target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, to regulate gene expression in various biological processes (PubMed:10195690, PubMed:11162439, PubMed:11915042, PubMed:16107141, PubMed:17761950, PubMed:18800767, PubMed:19167885, PubMed:28167758, PubMed:37478846). The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5 to regulate transcription (PubMed:10195690, PubMed:11162439, PubMed:11915042, PubMed:17761950, PubMed:28167758). The high affinity ligand for retinoid X receptors (RXRs) is 9-cis retinoic acid (PubMed:1310260). In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone deacetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression (PubMed:20215566). On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and coactivators are recruited leading to transcriptional activation (PubMed:20215566, PubMed:37478846, PubMed:9267036). Serves as a common heterodimeric partner for a number of nuclear receptors, such as RARA, RARB and PPARA (PubMed:10195690, PubMed:11915042, PubMed:28167758, PubMed:29021580). The RXRA/RARB heterodimer can act as a transcriptional repressor or transcriptional activator, depending on the RARE DNA element context (PubMed:29021580). The RXRA/PPARA heterodimer is required for PPARA transcriptional activity on fatty acid oxidation genes such as ACOX1 and the P450 system genes (PubMed:10195690). Together with RARA, positively regulates microRNA-10a expression, thereby inhibiting the GATA6/VCAM1 signaling response to pulsatile shear stress in vascular endothelial cells (PubMed:28167758). Acts as an enhancer of RARA binding to RARE DNA element (PubMed:28167758). May facilitate the nuclear import of heterodimerization partners such as VDR and NR4A1 (PubMed:12145331, PubMed:15509776). Promotes myelin debris phagocytosis and remyelination by macrophages (PubMed:26463675). Plays a role in the attenuation of the innate immune system in response to viral infections, possibly by negatively regulating the transcription of antiviral genes such as type I IFN genes (PubMed:25417649). Involved in the regulation of calcium signaling by repressing ITPR2 gene expression, thereby controlling cellular senescence (PubMed:30216632).SUBUNIT Homodimer (PubMed:10669605, PubMed:17761950). Heterodimer (via C-terminus) with RARA; required for ligand-dependent retinoic acid receptor transcriptional activity; association with RARA is enhanced by pulsatile shear stress (PubMed:10698945, PubMed:15509776, PubMed:28167758). Heterodimer with PPARA (via the leucine-like zipper in the LBD); the interaction is required for PPARA transcriptional activity (PubMed:10195690, PubMed:11698662, PubMed:11915042). Heterodimerizes with PPARG (PubMed:10882139, PubMed:11698662). Heterodimerizes (via NR LBD) with RARB (PubMed:29021580). Heterodimerizes with NR1H4; the heterodimerization enhances the binding affinity for LXXLL motifs from coactivators (PubMed:30275017). Interacts with NCOA3 and NCOA6 coactivators (PubMed:10567404, PubMed:9267036). Interacts with coactivator FAM120B (By similarity). Interacts with coactivator PELP1, SENP6, SFPQ, DNTTIP2 and RNF8 (PubMed:11259580, PubMed:14981089, PubMed:15047147, PubMed:16574651, PubMed:16912044). Interacts with PRMT2 (PubMed:12039952). Interacts with ASXL1 (By similarity). Interacts with BHLHE40/DEC1, BHLHE41/DEC2, NCOR1 and NCOR2 (PubMed:19786558). Interacts in a ligand-dependent fashion with MED1 and NCOA1 (PubMed:10882139, PubMed:11698662, PubMed:19786558). Interacts with VDR (PubMed:28698609). Interacts with EP300; the interaction is decreased by 9-cis retinoic acid (PubMed:17761950). Heterodimer (via C-terminus) with NR4A1 (via DNA-binding domain); DNA-binding of the heterodimer is enhanced by 9-cis retinoic acid (PubMed:15509776, PubMed:17761950). NR4A1 competes with EP300 for interaction with RXRA and thereby attenuates EP300 mediated acetylation of RXRA (PubMed:17761950). In the absence of hormonal ligand, interacts with TACC1 (PubMed:20078863). Interacts ith IGFBP3 (PubMed:10874028).SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts (via the DNA binding domain) with HCV core protein; the interaction enhances the transcriptional activities of the RXRA/RARA and the RXRA/PPARA heterodimers.INTERACTION Localization to the nucleus is enhanced by vitamin D3 (PubMed:15509776). Nuclear localization may be enhanced by the interaction with heterodimerization partner VDR (PubMed:12145331). Translocation to the mitochondrion upon interaction with NR4A1 (PubMed:15509776, PubMed:17761950). Increased nuclear localization upon pulsatile shear stress (PubMed:28167758).ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS Expressed in lung fibroblasts (at protein level) (PubMed:30216632). Expressed in monocytes (PubMed:26463675). Highly expressed in liver, also found in kidney and brain (PubMed:14702039, PubMed:2159111, PubMed:24275569).INDUCTION Down-regulated by aging (PubMed:26463675). Induced by pulsatile shear stress (PubMed:28167758).DOMAIN Composed of three domains: a modulating N-terminal domain (AF1 domain), a DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal ligand-binding domain (AF2 domain).PTM Acetylated by EP300; acetylation enhances DNA binding and transcriptional activity.PTM Phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues mainly in the N-terminal modulating domain (By similarity). Constitutively phosphorylated on Ser-21 in the presence or absence of ligand (By similarity). Under stress conditions, hyperphosphorylated by activated JNK on Ser-56, Ser-70, Thr-82 and Ser-260 (By similarity). Phosphorylated on Ser-27, in vitro, by PKA (PubMed:11162439). This phosphorylation is required for repression of cAMP-mediated transcriptional activity of RARA (PubMed:11162439).PTM Ubiquitinated by UBR5, leading to its degradation: UBR5 specifically recognizes and binds ligand-bound RXRA when it is not associated with coactivators (NCOAs) (PubMed:37478846). In presence of NCOAs, the UBR5-degron is not accessible, preventing its ubiquitination and degradation (PubMed:37478846).PTM Sumoylation negatively regulates transcriptional activity. Desumoylated specifically by SENP6.SIMILARITY Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family. NR2 subfamily.ONLINE INFORMATION Retinoid X receptor entry |
| description | recommendedName: Retinoic acid receptor RXR-alpha alternativeName: Nuclear receptor subfamily 2 group B member 1 alternativeName: Retinoid X receptor alpha |
| geneName | RXRA NR2B1 |
| identifier | P19793 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Acetylation Alternative splicing Cytoplasm DNA-binding Host-virus interaction Isopeptide bond Metal-binding Mitochondrion Nucleus Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Receptor Reference proteome Transcription Transcription regulation Ubl conjugation Zinc Zinc-finger |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 |
| name | RXRA |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:9002033] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000186350 RXRA [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | RXRA_HUMAN B3KY83 Q2NL52 Q2V504 |
| sequenceLength | 462 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| (isoformParent) | [ReferenceIsoform:8974030] UniProt:P19793-1 RXRA [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceIsoform:8974031] UniProt:P19793-2 RXRA [Homo sapiens] |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:381319] RXRA [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:4341130] monoSUMO1-K108-RXRA [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:5334811] p-S21-RXRA [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9619757] RXRA [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] |
| (referenceSequence) | [GroupModifiedResidue:4341060] sumoylated lysine (monoSUMO1 [nucleoplasm]) at 108 [ModifiedResidue:5334799] O-phospho-L-serine at 21 |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P19793 RXRA (63882)
