Query author contributions in Reactome
Reactome depends on collaboration between our curation team and outside experts to assemble and peer-review its pathway modules. The integration of ORCID within Reactome enables us to meet a key challenge with authoring, curating and reviewing biological information by incentivizing and crediting the external experts that contribute their expertise and time to the Reactome curation process. More information is available at ORCID and Reactome.
If you have an ORCID ID that is not listed on this page, please forward this information to us and we will update your Reactome pathway records.
Details on Person UniProt:Q13177 PAK2
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:61278 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | initiator methionine:1 added on Sat February 7 2015;chain:2-524 added on Sat February 7 2015;chain:2-212 added on Sat February 7 2015;chain:213-524 added on Sat February 7 2015;initiator methionine:1 for 61278 removed on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 61278 added on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 61278 removed on Fri Aug 15 2025;initiator methionine:1 for 61278 added on Fri Aug 15 2025 |
| _displayName | UniProt:Q13177 PAK2 |
| _timestamp | 2025-08-15 22:02:55 |
| chain | initiator methionine:1 chain:2-524 chain:2-212 chain:213-524 |
| checksum | 00A7CD15F93D4180 |
| comment | FUNCTION Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell motility, cell cycle progression, apoptosis or proliferation (PubMed:12853446, PubMed:16617111, PubMed:19273597, PubMed:19923322, PubMed:33693784, PubMed:7744004, PubMed:9171063). Acts as a downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1 (PubMed:7744004). Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues (PubMed:7744004). Full-length PAK2 stimulates cell survival and cell growth (PubMed:7744004). Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration (PubMed:21317288). Phosphorylates JUN and plays an important role in EGF-induced cell proliferation (PubMed:21177766). Phosphorylates many other substrates including histone H4 to promote assembly of H3.3 and H4 into nucleosomes, BAD, ribosomal protein S6, or MBP (PubMed:21724829). Phosphorylates CASP7, thereby preventing its activity (PubMed:21555521, PubMed:27889207). Additionally, associates with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 to perform kinase-independent functions such as spindle orientation control during mitosis (PubMed:19273597, PubMed:19923322). On the other hand, apoptotic stimuli such as DNA damage lead to caspase-mediated cleavage of PAK2, generating PAK-2p34, an active p34 fragment that translocates to the nucleus and promotes cellular apoptosis involving the JNK signaling pathway (PubMed:12853446, PubMed:16617111, PubMed:9171063). Caspase-activated PAK2 phosphorylates MKNK1 and reduces cellular translation (PubMed:15234964).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-seryl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-threonyl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)ACTIVITY REGULATION Activated by binding small G proteins (By similarity). Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, enables phosphorylation of Thr-402 and allows the kinase domain to adopt an active structure (By similarity). Following caspase cleavage, autophosphorylated PAK-2p34 is constitutively active (PubMed:9786869).SUBUNIT Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1 (PubMed:20696164). Interacts with SH3MD4 (PubMed:16374509). Interacts with SCRIB (PubMed:18716323). Interacts with ARHGEF7 and GIT1 (PubMed:19273597). PAK-2p34 interacts with ARHGAP10 (PubMed:15471851).SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts with and activated by HIV-1 Nef.INTERACTION MYO18A mediates the cellular distribution of the PAK2-ARHGEF7-GIT1 complex to the inner surface of the cell membrane.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Interaction with ARHGAP10 probably changes PAK-2p34 location to cytoplasmic perinuclear region (PubMed:15471851). Myristoylation changes PAK-2p34 location to the membrane (PubMed:16617111).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Ubiquitously expressed. Higher levels seen in skeletal muscle, ovary, thymus and spleen.PTM Full-length PAK2 is autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21. Following cleavage, both peptides, PAK-2p27 and PAK-2p34, become highly autophosphorylated, with PAK-2p27 being phosphorylated on serine and PAK-2p34 on threonine residues, respectively. Autophosphorylation of PAK-2p27 can occur in the absence of any effectors and is dependent on phosphorylation of Thr-402, because PAK-2p27 is acting as an exogenous substrate.PTM During apoptosis proteolytically cleaved by caspase-3 or caspase-3-like proteases to yield active PAK-2p34.PTM Ubiquitinated, leading to its proteasomal degradation.PTM PAK-2p34 is myristoylated.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily. |
| description | recommendedName: Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 2 ecNumber evidence="9 18 19 20 21"2.7.11.1 alternativeName: Gamma-PAK alternativeName: PAK65 alternativeName: S6/H4 kinase alternativeName: p21-activated kinase 2 shortName: PAK-2 alternativeName: p58 component recommendedName: PAK-2p27 shortName: p27 /component component recommendedName: PAK-2p34 shortName: p34 alternativeName: C-t-PAK2 /component |
| geneName | PAK2 |
| identifier | Q13177 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Acetylation Allosteric enzyme Apoptosis ATP-binding Cytoplasm Direct protein sequencing Disease variant Growth regulation Host-virus interaction Kinase Lipoprotein Membrane Myristate Nucleotide-binding Nucleus Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome Serine/threonine-protein kinase Transferase Ubl conjugation |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9862192] Weiser, Joel, 2024-02-26 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15 |
| name | PAK2 |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8950178] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000180370 PAK2 [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | PAK2_HUMAN Q13154 Q6ISC3 |
| sequenceLength | 524 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:164946] PAK2(1-524) [plasma membrane] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211588] p-5S-PAK2(2-212) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211598] p-5S-PAK2(1-524) [endoplasmic reticulum membrane] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211603] p-6S,T402-PAK2(1-524) [endoplasmic reticulum membrane] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211604] PAK2 [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211609] p-5S-PAK2 [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211610] p-5S,T402-PAK2(1-524) [endoplasmic reticulum membrane] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211653] PAK2(213-524) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211654] p-T402-PAK2(213-524) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:211692] PAK2(213-524) [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] |
| (referenceSequence) | [ModifiedResidue:211581] O-phospho-L-serine at 192 [ModifiedResidue:211585] O-phospho-L-serine at 55 [ModifiedResidue:211593] O-phospho-L-serine at 20 [ModifiedResidue:211599] O-phospho-L-serine at 141 [ModifiedResidue:211600] O-phospho-L-serine at 19 [ModifiedResidue:211618] O-phospho-L-threonine at 402 [ModifiedResidue:211620] O-phospho-L-serine at 197 [ModifiedResidue:211632] O-phospho-L-serine at unknown position [ModifiedResidue:399823] O-phospho-L-serine at 141 [GroupModifiedResidue:3095874] ubiquitinylated lysine (K48polyUb [cytosol]) at unknown position |
| [Change default viewing format] | |
No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q13177 PAK2 (61278)
