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Details on Person UniProt:P04180 LCAT

Class:IdReferenceGeneProduct:58437
_chainChangeLogsignal peptide:1-24 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:25-440 added on Fri February 6 2015
_displayNameUniProt:P04180 LCAT
_timestamp2026-02-20 22:00:43
chainsignal peptide:1-24
chain:25-440
checksumB315EF118AA7A378
commentFUNCTION Central enzyme in the extracellular metabolism of plasma lipoproteins. Synthesized mainly in the liver and secreted into plasma where it converts cholesterol and phosphatidylcholines (lecithins) to cholesteryl esters and lysophosphatidylcholines on the surface of high and low density lipoproteins (HDLs and LDLs) (PubMed:10329423, PubMed:19065001, PubMed:26195816). The cholesterol ester is then transported back to the liver. Has a preference for plasma 16:0-18:2 or 18:O-18:2 phosphatidylcholines (PubMed:8820107). Also produced in the brain by primary astrocytes, and esterifies free cholesterol on nascent APOE-containing lipoproteins secreted from glia and influences cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) APOE- and APOA1 levels. Together with APOE and the cholesterol transporter ABCA1, plays a key role in the maturation of glial-derived, nascent lipoproteins. Required for remodeling high-density lipoprotein particles into their spherical forms (PubMed:10722751). Catalyzes the hydrolysis of 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (platelet-activating factor or PAF) to 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (lyso-PAF) (PubMed:8016111). Also catalyzes the transfer of the acetate group from PAF to 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine forming lyso-PAF (PubMed:8016111). Catalyzes the esterification of (24S)-hydroxycholesterol (24(S)OH-C), also known as cerebrosterol to produce 24(S)OH-C monoesters (PubMed:24620755).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY a sterol + a 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = a sterol ester + a 1-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY a 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (24S)-hydroxycholesterol = (24S)-24-hydroxycholesterol ester + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY (24S)-hydroxycholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = (24S)-hydroxycholesterol 3-linoleoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z-octadecenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (9Z-octadecenoate) + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatrienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (5Z,8Z,11Z)-eicosatrienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosapentaenoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = cholesteryl (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (6Z,9Z,12Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (11Z,14Z,17Z-eicosatrienoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + cholesterol = (9Z,12Z,15Z-octadecatrienoyl)-cholesterol + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineCATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(9Z,12Z-octadecadienoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = (9Z,12Z)-octadecadienoate + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY 1-hexadecanoyl-2-(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z-eicosatetraenoyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H2O = 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosatetraenoate + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY a 1-O-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + 1-hexadecanoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine = 1-hexadecanoyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine + a 1-O-alkyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholineACTIVITY REGULATION APOA1 is the most potent activator in plasma (PubMed:19065001, PubMed:8016111). Also activated by APOE, APOC1 and APOA4 (PubMed:19065001, PubMed:8016111). Inhibited by haptoglobin and 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB) (PubMed:24620755, PubMed:8016111).BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES Affinity for LDL is 2.3 to 4-fold lower than for HDL. Relative reactivities are 16% for HDL(3), 1.3% for HDL(2) and 6.5% for LDL.INTERACTION Secreted into blood plasma (PubMed:10222237, PubMed:3458198, PubMed:8820107). Produced in astrocytes and secreted into cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) (PubMed:10222237).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Detected in blood plasma (PubMed:10222237, PubMed:3458198, PubMed:8820107). Detected in cerebral spinal fluid (at protein level) (PubMed:10222237). Detected in liver (PubMed:3458198, PubMed:3797244). Expressed mainly in brain, liver and testes.PTM O- and N-glycosylated. O-glycosylation on Thr-431 and Ser-433 consists of sialylated galactose beta 1-->3N-acetylgalactosamine structures. N-glycosylated sites contain sialylated triantennary and/or biantennary complex structures.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.MISCELLANEOUS Levels of LCAT activity correlates inversely with leptin levels as well as with obesity for a wide range of BMI values.SIMILARITY Belongs to the AB hydrolase superfamily. Lipase family.ONLINE INFORMATION Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase entry
descriptionrecommendedName: Phosphatidylcholine-sterol acyltransferase ecNumber evidence="2 3 9 20 24 25 27"2.3.1.43 alternativeName: 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase ecNumber evidence="32"3.1.1.47 alternativeName: Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase alternativeName: Phospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase alternativeName: fullName evidence="42"Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase shortName: PAF acetylhydrolase
geneNameLCAT
identifierP04180
isSequenceChangedFALSE
keyword3D-structure
Acyltransferase
Cholesterol metabolism
Corneal dystrophy
Direct protein sequencing
Disease variant
Disulfide bond
Glycoprotein
Hydrolase
Lipid metabolism
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome
Secreted
Signal
Steroid metabolism
Sterol metabolism
Transferase
modified[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25
[InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09
[InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
[InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20
nameLCAT
referenceDatabase[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene[ReferenceDNASequence:9004778] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000213398 LCAT [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifierLCAT_HUMAN
Q53XQ3
sequenceLength440
species[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(referenceEntity)[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:194239] LCAT [extracellular region] [Homo sapiens]
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