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Details on Person UniProt:Q14116 IL18

Class:IdReferenceGeneProduct:57232
_chainChangeLogpropeptide:1-36 added on Sat February 7 2015;chain:37-193 added on Sat February 7 2015
_displayNameUniProt:Q14116 IL18
_timestamp2024-11-03 19:41:23
chainpropeptide:1-36
chain:37-193
checksum323C62C203788D55
commentFUNCTION Pro-inflammatory cytokine primarily involved in epithelial barrier repair, polarized T-helper 1 (Th1) cell and natural killer (NK) cell immune responses (PubMed:10653850). Upon binding to IL18R1 and IL18RAP, forms a signaling ternary complex which activates NF-kappa-B, triggering synthesis of inflammatory mediators (PubMed:14528293, PubMed:25500532, PubMed:37993714). Synergizes with IL12/interleukin-12 to induce IFNG synthesis from T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and natural killer (NK) cells (PubMed:10653850). Involved in transduction of inflammation downstream of pyroptosis: its mature form is specifically released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore (PubMed:33883744).SUBUNIT Forms a ternary complex with ligand-binding receptor subunit IL18R1 and signaling receptor subunit IL18RAP at the plasma membrane (PubMed:14528293, PubMed:25261253, PubMed:25500532, PubMed:37993714). Mature IL18 first binds to IL18R1 forming a low affinity binary complex, which then interacts with IL18RAP to form a high affinity ternary complex that signals inside the cell (PubMed:14528293, PubMed:25261253, PubMed:25500532). Interacts with cargo receptor TMED10; the interaction mediates the translocation from the cytoplasm into the ERGIC (endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment) and thereby secretion (PubMed:32272059).INTERACTION The precursor is cytosolic (PubMed:33883744). In response to inflammasome-activating signals, cleaved and secreted (PubMed:33883744, PubMed:37993712, PubMed:37993714). Mature form is secreted and released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore (PubMed:33883744, PubMed:37993714). In contrast, the precursor form is not released, due to the presence of an acidic region that is proteolytically removed by CASP1, CASP4 or CASP5 during maturation (PubMed:33883744, PubMed:37993714). The secretion is dependent on protein unfolding and facilitated by the cargo receptor TMED10 (PubMed:32272059).ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS Expressed in ovarian carcinoma but undetectable in normal ovarian epithelial cells. Resistant to proteolytic activation by caspase-1 and -4.INDUCTION In macrophages, release is increased by endocannabinoid anandamide/AEA.PTM The pro-IL-18 precursor is processed by CASP1, CASP4 or CASP5 to yield its mature, active form (PubMed:15326478, PubMed:25261253, PubMed:37993712, PubMed:37993714, PubMed:9334240). The pro-IL-18 precursor features autoinhibitory interactions between the propeptide and the post-cleavage-site region, preventing recognition by the IL18R1 receptor (PubMed:37993714). Processing by CASP1, CASP4 or CASP5 induces conformational changes to generate critical receptor-binding sites (PubMed:37993714). The mature form is then secreted and released in the extracellular milieu by passing through the gasdermin-D (GSDMD) pore (PubMed:33883744, PubMed:37993714). In contrast, cleavage by CASP3 inactivates IL18 (PubMed:37993714, PubMed:9334240).SIMILARITY Belongs to the IL-1 family.ONLINE INFORMATION Interleukin-1 entry
descriptionrecommendedName: fullName evidence="12 14 15"Interleukin-18 shortName evidence="12 14 15"IL-18 alternativeName: Iboctadekin alternativeName: fullName evidence="12 15"Interferon gamma-inducing factor shortName evidence="12 15"IFN-gamma-inducing factor alternativeName: Interleukin-1 gamma shortName: IL-1 gamma
geneNameIL18
IGIF
IL1F4
identifierQ14116
isSequenceChangedFALSE
keyword3D-structure
Alternative splicing
Cytokine
Cytoplasm
Direct protein sequencing
Inflammatory response
Proteomics identification
Reference proteome
Secreted
modified[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25
[InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03
[InstanceEdit:9909836] Weiser, Joel, 2024-05-14
[InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09
[InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03
nameIL18
referenceDatabase[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene[ReferenceDNASequence:6784994] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000150782 IL18 [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifierIL18_HUMAN
O75599
Q6FGY3
Q6WWJ7
sequenceLength193
species[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(isoformParent)[ReferenceIsoform:8968816] UniProt:Q14116-1 IL18 [Homo sapiens]
[ReferenceIsoform:8968817] UniProt:Q14116-2 IL18 [Homo sapiens]
(referenceEntity)[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:448446] IL18 [extracellular region] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:449023] IL18(37-193) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:449033] IL18(1-193) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens]
[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:449062] IL18(1-36) [cytosol] [Homo sapiens]
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q14116 IL18 (57232)