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Details on Person UniProt:Q14028-3 CNGB1
| Class:Id | ReferenceIsoform:435948 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | chain:1-1251 added on Fri February 6 2015 |
| _displayName | UniProt:Q14028-3 CNGB1 |
| _timestamp | 2025-02-21 19:46:38 |
| chain | chain:1-1251 |
| checksum | 7A45CB399EB2B20C |
| comment | FUNCTION Pore-forming subunit of the rod cyclic nucleotide-gated channel. Mediates rod photoresponses at dim light converting transient changes in intracellular cGMP levels into electrical signals. In the dark, cGMP levels are high and keep the channel open enabling a steady inward current carried by Na(+) and Ca(2+) ions that leads to membrane depolarization and neurotransmitter release from synaptic terminals. Upon photon absorption cGMP levels decline leading to channel closure and membrane hyperpolarization that ultimately slows neurotransmitter release and signals the presence of light, the end point of the phototransduction cascade (By similarity) (PubMed:34699778). Pore-forming subunit of the olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel. Operates in the cilia of olfactory sensory neurons where chemical stimulation of the odorant is converted to an electrical signal. Mediates odorant-induced cAMP-dependent Ca(2+) influx triggering neuron depolarization. The rise of intracellular Ca(2+) levels potentiates the olfactory response by activating Ca(2+)-dependent Cl(-) channels, but it also serves as a negative feedback signal to desensitize the channel for rapid adaptation to odorants (By similarity). Conducts cGMP- and cAMP-gated ion currents, with permeability for monovalent and divalent cations. The selectivity for Ca(2+) over Na(+) increases with cGMP concentrations, whereas the selectivity among monovalent ions is independent of the cGMP levels (By similarity) (PubMed:34699778).FUNCTION High affinity rod photoreceptor phosphodiesterase (PDE6)-binding protein that modulates its catalytic properties: it is a regulator of spontaneous activation of rod PDE6, thereby serving to lower rod photoreceptor 'dark noise' and allowing these sensory cells to operate at the single photon detection limit.CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Ca(2+)(in) = Ca(2+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Na(+)(in) = Na(+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY K(+)(in) = K(+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY NH4(+)(in) = NH4(+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Rb(+)(in) = Rb(+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Li(+)(in) = Li(+)(out)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY Cs(+)(in) = Cs(+)(out)SUBUNIT The rod cyclic nucleotide-gated channel is a heterotetramer composed of CNGA1 and CNGB1 subunits with 3:1 stoichiometry. CNGA1:CNGB1 channel binds Ca(2+)-bound CALM1 via CaM1 and CaM2 regions of the CNGB1 subunit; this interaction modulates the affinity of the channel for cNMPs in response to intracellular Ca(2+) levels (By similarity) (PubMed:34699778). The olfactory cyclic nucleotide-gated channel is a heterotetramer composed of CNGA2, CNGA4 and CNGB1 subunits with 2:1:1 stoichiometry (By similarity).INTERACTION There is no evidence for an ortholog to bovine GARP1 in the human genome.DOMAIN The cyclic nucleotide-binding domain (CNBD) comprises three helices and a beta-roll of eight beta-strands from CNGA1 and CNGB1 subunits. Upon cNMP binding transmits the conformational changes to the C-linker domain of the S6 helix to open the ion conduction pathway.DOMAIN The ion conduction pathway consists of S5, S6 and pore helices from CNGA1 and CNGB1 subunits. It contains a central hydrophobic gate that opens upon cNMP binding. CNGB1 displays an additional charged arginine gate below the central gate to regulate ion permeation.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.MISCELLANEOUS In the rod cells, the CNGB1 locus encodes the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel beta-1 subunit and several glutamic-acid-rich proteins (GARPs).SIMILARITY Belongs to the cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel (TC 1.A.1.5) family. CNGB1 subfamily. |
| created | [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA |
| description | recommendedName: Cyclic nucleotide-gated channel beta-1 shortName: CNG channel beta-1 alternativeName: Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel 4 shortName: CNG channel 4 shortName: CNG-4 shortName evidence="17"CNG4 alternativeName: Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel gamma alternativeName: Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channel modulatory subunit alternativeName: Glutamic acid-rich protein shortName: GARP |
| geneName | CNGB1 CNCG2 CNCG3L CNCG4 RCNC2 |
| identifier | Q14028 |
| isoformParent | |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Alternative splicing Calcium Calcium channel Calcium transport cAMP cAMP-binding Cell membrane Cell projection cGMP cGMP-binding Disease variant Ion channel Ion transport Ligand-gated ion channel Membrane Nucleotide-binding Olfaction Proteomics identification Reference proteome Retinitis pigmentosa Sensory transduction Sodium Sodium channel Sodium transport Transmembrane Transmembrane helix Transport Vision |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 |
| name | CNGB1 |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8997641] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000070729 CNGB1 [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | CNGB1_HUMAN H3BN09 O43636 Q13059 Q14029 Q9UMG2 |
| sequenceLength | 1251 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| variantIdentifier | Q14028-3 |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:9712207] CNGB1b [plasma membrane] [Homo sapiens] |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q14028-3 CNGB1 (435948)
