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Details on Person SPTLC (serine palmitoyltransferase) enzyme complexes associa...
| Class:Id | Summation:428184 |
|---|---|
| _displayName | SPTLC (serine palmitoyltransferase) enzyme complexes associa... |
| _timestamp | 2023-08-30 09:22:28 |
| created | [InstanceEdit:428151] D'Eustachio, P, 2009-07-02 |
| literatureReference | [LiteratureReference:8865585] Identification of small subunits of mammalian serine palmitoyltransferase that confer distinct acyl-CoA substrate specificities |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:434869] D'Eustachio, P, 2009-09-03 [InstanceEdit:8865588] Jupe, Steve, 2016-03-23 [InstanceEdit:9841797] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-08-14 [InstanceEdit:9842985] Stephan, Ralf, 2023-08-30 |
| text | SPTLC (serine palmitoyltransferase) enzyme complexes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum membrane catalyze the reaction of acyl-CoA and serine to form a 3-ketosphingoid. Quantitatively, the most common ligand is palmitoyl-CoA (C16), but different isoforms of the complexes have specific activity toward the C12, C14, and C18 species (Han et al., 2009; Suzuki et al., 2022). SPTLC2 and SPTLC3 polypeptides exhibit enzyme activity when either is complexed with SPTLC1. SPTLC1 and 2 are abundant and widely expressed in human tissues, while SPTLC3 is expressed only in a smaller group of tissues and at variable levels. Analyses of complexes from cultured human cells and placenta suggested that the SPTLC heterodimers might associate with larger complexes (Hanada et al., 2000; Weiss and Stoffel, 1997; Hornemann et al. 2006, 2007; reviewed by Ikushiro & Hayashi, 2011; Lowther et al., 2012). Two novel small subunits (SPTSSA and SPTSSB) were identified, both of which enhance SPTLC activity >10-fold when bound to either of the SPTLC heterodimers (Han et al. 2009). Orosomucoid (ORM) proteins, first identified in yeast, associate with and negatively regulate SPTLC activity (Breslow et al. 2010; Han et al. 2010). The three human ORM proteins similarly bind and negatively regulate SPTLC activity (Breslow et al., 2010; reviewed by Davis et al., 2018). In particular, dysregulation of SPT activity by ORML3 appears to be involved with forms of obesity (reviewed by Brown & Spiegel, 2023). In serine deficiency, SPTLC transfers acyl-CoA onto alanine, and the resulting 1-deoxysphingoids ultimately get processed to 1-deoxyceramides (reviewed by Duan & Merrill, 2015). |
| (summation) | [Reaction:428127] SPTLC complexes transfer acyl-CoA onto serine [Homo sapiens] |
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