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Details on Person UniProt:O75914 PAK3

Class:Id	ReferenceGeneProduct:401905
_chainChangeLog	chain:1-559 added on Sat February 7 2015
_displayName	UniProt:O75914 PAK3
_timestamp	2025-02-21 19:51:54
chain	chain:1-559
checksum	BC39AEC6F0A5478B
comment	FUNCTION Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, or cell cycle regulation. Plays a role in dendrite spine morphogenesis as well as synapse formation and plasticity. Acts as a downstream effector of the small GTPases CDC42 and RAC1. Activation by the binding of active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates MAPK4 and MAPK6 and activates the downstream target MAPKAPK5, a regulator of F-actin polymerization and cell migration. Additionally, phosphorylates TNNI3/troponin I to modulate calcium sensitivity and relaxation kinetics of thin myofilaments. May also be involved in early neuronal development. In hippocampal neurons, necessary for the formation of dendritic spines and excitatory synapses; this function is dependent on kinase activity and may be exerted by the regulation of actomyosin contractility through the phosphorylation of myosin II regulatory light chain (MLC) (By similarity).CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-seryl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-seryl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)CATALYTIC ACTIVITY L-threonyl-[protein] + ATP = O-phospho-L-threonyl-[protein] + ADP + H(+)COFACTOR Activated by binding small G proteins. Binding of GTP-bound CDC42 or RAC1 to the autoregulatory region releases monomers from the autoinhibited dimer, enables phosphorylation of Thr-436 and allows the kinase domain to adopt an active structure (By similarity).SUBUNIT Interacts tightly with GTP-bound but not GDP-bound CDC42/p21 and RAC1. Shows highly specific binding to the SH3 domains of phospholipase C-gamma and of adapter protein NCK. Interacts with the C-terminal of APP (By similarity). Interacts with ARHGEF6 and ARHGEF7. Interacts with GIT1 and GIT2 (PubMed:10896954).INTERACTION Restricted to the nervous system. Highly expressed in postmitotic neurons of the developing and postnatal cerebral cortex and hippocampus.PTM Autophosphorylated when activated by CDC42/p21.PTM Neddylated.DISEASE The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.SIMILARITY Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family. STE20 subfamily.
created	[InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35
description	recommendedName: Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 3 ecNumber: 2.7.11.1 alternativeName: Beta-PAK alternativeName: Oligophrenin-3 alternativeName: p21-activated kinase 3 shortName: PAK-3
geneName	PAK3 OPHN3
identifier	O75914
isSequenceChanged	FALSE
keyword	3D-structure Allosteric enzyme Alternative splicing ATP-binding Cytoplasm Developmental protein Disease variant Intellectual disability Kinase Magnesium Metal-binding Nucleotide-binding Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome Serine/threonine-protein kinase SH3-binding Transferase Ubl conjugation
modified	[InstanceEdit:9836292] Weiser, Joel, 2023-05-25 [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9862192] Weiser, Joel, 2024-02-26 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21
name	PAK3
referenceDatabase	[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
referenceGene	[ReferenceDNASequence:8993800] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000077264 PAK3 [Homo sapiens]
secondaryIdentifier	PAK3_HUMAN A8K389 B1GX77 B1GX78 B1GX79 Q5JWX1 Q5JWX2 Q7Z2D6 Q7Z2E4 Q7Z3Z8 Q8WWK5 Q8WX23 Q9P0J8
sequenceLength	559
species	[Species:48887] Homo sapiens
(isoformParent)	[ReferenceIsoform:61280] UniProt:O75914-1 PAK3 [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceIsoform:151743] UniProt:O75914-2 PAK3 [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceIsoform:8975684] UniProt:O75914-3 PAK3 [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceIsoform:8975685] UniProt:O75914-4 PAK3 [Homo sapiens]
(referenceEntity)	[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:428457] PAK3 [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:3928479] p-S154,T436-PAK3 [plasma membrane] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:5357471] p-S154,T436-PAK3 [cytosol] [Homo sapiens]
(referenceSequence)	[ModifiedResidue:5357437] O-phospho-L-threonine at 436 [ModifiedResidue:5357484] O-phospho-L-serine at 154
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