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Details on Person Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a crucial inhibito...
| Class:Id | Summation:389930 |
|---|---|
| _displayName | Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a crucial inhibito... |
| _timestamp | 2024-11-05 17:15:47 |
| created | [InstanceEdit:389931] Garapati, P V, 2009-01-21 09:52:59 |
| literatureReference | [LiteratureReference:389689] Control of peripheral T-cell tolerance and autoimmunity via the CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways [LiteratureReference:389713] PD-1 and its ligands in tolerance and immunity |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:390337] Garapati, P V, 2009-01-26 10:50:18 [InstanceEdit:422361] D'Eustachio, P, 2009-05-28 17:55:23 [InstanceEdit:434898] Garapati, P V, 2009-09-04 [InstanceEdit:9927288] Tiwari, Krishna, 2024-11-05 |
| text | Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) is a crucial inhibitory receptor that regulates T cell receptor (TCR) signaling and plays a vital role in maintaining immune homeostasis. PD-1 exerts its suppressive effects both directly, by inhibiting early activation events that are otherwise enhanced by co-stimulatory signals like CD28, and indirectly, by reducing interleukin-2 (IL-2) production, which is essential for T cell proliferation and survival. Upon ligation, PD-1 inhibits the expression of key survival and differentiation factors, such as Bcl-xL, and downregulates transcription factors that are central to effector T cell function, including GATA-3, T-bet, and Eomes. Mechanistically, PD-1 recruits the tyrosine phosphatases SHP-1 and SHP-2 to the immune synapse, leading to the dephosphorylation of critical signaling molecules like the CD3-zeta chain, PI3K, and AKT, thereby attenuating TCR signaling and inhibiting T cell activation and function (Keir et al. 2008). |
| (summation) | [Pathway:389948] Co-inhibition by PD-1 [Homo sapiens] |
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