Query author contributions in Reactome
Reactome depends on collaboration between our curation team and outside experts to assemble and peer-review its pathway modules. The integration of ORCID within Reactome enables us to meet a key challenge with authoring, curating and reviewing biological information by incentivizing and crediting the external experts that contribute their expertise and time to the Reactome curation process. More information is available at ORCID and Reactome.
If you have an ORCID ID that is not listed on this page, please forward this information to us and we will update your Reactome pathway records.
Details on Person UniProt:Q71DI3 H3C15
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:355447 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | initiator methionine:1 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:2-136 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:1-136 for 355447 removed on Fri Feb 20 2026;initiator methionine:1 for 355447 added on Fri Feb 20 2026;chain:2-136 for 355447 added on Fri Feb 20 2026 |
| _displayName | UniProt:Q71DI3 H3C15 |
| _timestamp | 2026-02-20 21:30:33 |
| chain | initiator methionine:1 chain:2-136 |
| checksum | 6FD8508EA50A0EEC |
| comment | FUNCTION Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.SUBUNIT The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of DNA. During nucleosome assembly the chaperone ASF1A interacts with the histone H3-H4 heterodimer (via C-terminus of H3); this interaction is direct (PubMed:17292837). Interacts with DNAJC9, CHAF1A and CHAF1B (PubMed:33857403). Interacts with NASP; NASP is a histone chaperone that stabilizes and maintains a soluble pool of Histone H3-H4 dimers (PubMed:22195965).INTERACTION Expressed during S phase, then expression strongly decreases as cell division slows down during the process of differentiation.PTM Acetylation is generally linked to gene activation. Acetylation on Lys-10 (H3K9ac) impairs methylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s). Acetylation on Lys-19 (H3K18ac) and Lys-24 (H3K24ac) favors methylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me). Acetylation at Lys-123 (H3K122ac) by EP300/p300 plays a central role in chromatin structure: localizes at the surface of the histone octamer and stimulates transcription, possibly by promoting nucleosome instability.PTM Citrullination at Arg-9 (H3R8ci) and/or Arg-18 (H3R17ci) by PADI4 impairs methylation and represses transcription.PTM Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-18 (H3R17me2a) by CARM1 is linked to gene activation. Symmetric dimethylation at Arg-9 (H3R8me2s) by PRMT5 is linked to gene repression. Asymmetric dimethylation at Arg-3 (H3R2me2a) by PRMT6 is linked to gene repression and is mutually exclusive with H3 Lys-5 methylation (H3K4me2 and H3K4me3). H3R2me2a is present at the 3' of genes regardless of their transcription state and is enriched on inactive promoters, while it is absent on active promoters.PTM Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me), Lys-37 (H3K36me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) are linked to gene activation. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) facilitates subsequent acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-80 (H3K79me) is associated with DNA double-strand break (DSB) responses and is a specific target for TP53BP1. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are linked to gene repression. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) is a specific target for HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) and prevents subsequent phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and acetylation of H3 and H4. Methylation at Lys-5 (H3K4me) and Lys-80 (H3K79me) require preliminary monoubiquitination of H2B at 'Lys-120'. Methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) and Lys-28 (H3K27me) are enriched in inactive X chromosome chromatin. Monomethylation at Lys-57 (H3K56me1) by EHMT2/G9A in G1 phase promotes interaction with PCNA and is required for DNA replication.PTM Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by VRK1 (PubMed:31527692). Phosphorylated at Thr-4 (H3T3ph) by HASPIN during prophase and dephosphorylated during anaphase (PubMed:15681610, PubMed:16185088). Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB is crucial for chromosome condensation and cell-cycle progression during mitosis and meiosis. In addition phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by RPS6KA4 and RPS6KA5 is important during interphase because it enables the transcription of genes following external stimulation, like mitogens, stress, growth factors or UV irradiation and result in the activation of genes, such as c-fos and c-jun. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph), which is linked to gene activation, prevents methylation at Lys-10 (H3K9me) but facilitates acetylation of H3 and H4. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) by AURKB mediates the dissociation of HP1 proteins (CBX1, CBX3 and CBX5) from heterochromatin. Phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) is also an essential regulatory mechanism for neoplastic cell transformation. Phosphorylated at Ser-29 (H3S28ph) by MAP3K20 isoform 1, RPS6KA5 or AURKB during mitosis or upon ultraviolet B irradiation. Phosphorylation at Thr-7 (H3T6ph) by PRKCB is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A. At centromeres, specifically phosphorylated at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) from prophase to early anaphase, by DAPK3 and PKN1. Phosphorylation at Thr-12 (H3T11ph) by PKN1 or isoform M2 of PKM (PKM2) is a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that promotes demethylation of Lys-10 (H3K9me) by KDM4C/JMJD2C. Phosphorylation at Tyr-42 (H3Y41ph) by JAK2 promotes exclusion of CBX5 (HP1 alpha) from chromatin.PTM Monoubiquitinated at Lys-15 (H3K14ub), Lys-19 (H3K18ub) and Lys-24 (H3K23ub) by UHRF1 and HLTF at hemimethylated DNA sites following DNA replication, promoting recruitment of DNMT1 DNA methyltransferase and replication-coupled DNA methylation maintenance (PubMed:27595565, PubMed:29053958). Monoubiquitinated by RAG1 in lymphoid cells, monoubiquitination is required for V(D)J recombination (By similarity). Ubiquitinated by the CUL4-DDB-RBX1 complex in response to ultraviolet irradiation (PubMed:16678110). This may weaken the interaction between histones and DNA and facilitate DNA accessibility to repair proteins (PubMed:16678110).PTM Lysine deamination at Lys-5 (H3K4all) to form allysine is mediated by LOXL2. Allysine formation by LOXL2 only takes place on H3K4me3 and results in gene repression.PTM Crotonylation (Kcr) is specifically present in male germ cells and marks testis-specific genes in post-meiotic cells, including X-linked genes that escape sex chromosome inactivation in haploid cells. Crotonylation marks active promoters and enhancers and confers resistance to transcriptional repressors. It is also associated with post-meiotically activated genes on autosomes.PTM Butyrylation of histones marks active promoters and competes with histone acetylation. It is present during late spermatogenesis.PTM Succinylation at Lys-80 (H3K79succ) by KAT2A takes place with a maximum frequency around the transcription start sites of genes (PubMed:29211711). It gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcription activation (PubMed:29211711). Desuccinylation at Lys-123 (H3K122succ) by SIRT7 in response to DNA damage promotes chromatin condensation and double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair (PubMed:27436229).PTM Serine ADP-ribosylation by PARP1 or PARP2 constitutes the primary form of ADP-ribosylation of proteins in response to DNA damage (PubMed:29480802, PubMed:34874266). Serine ADP-ribosylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ADPr) promotes recruitment of CHD1L (PubMed:34874266). H3S10ADPr is mutually exclusive with phosphorylation at Ser-11 (H3S10ph) and impairs acetylation at Lys-10 (H3K9ac) (PubMed:30257210).PTM Serotonylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5ser) during serotonergic neuron differentiation (PubMed:30867594). H3Q5ser is associated with trimethylation of Lys-5 (H3K4me3) and enhances general transcription factor IID (TFIID) complex-binding to H3K4me3, thereby facilitating transcription (PubMed:30867594).PTM Dopaminylated by TGM2 at Gln-6 (H3Q5dop) in ventral tegmental area (VTA) neurons (PubMed:32273471). H3Q5dop mediates neurotransmission-independent role of nuclear dopamine by regulating relapse-related transcriptional plasticity in the reward system (By similarity).PTM Lactylated in macrophages by EP300/P300 by using lactoyl-CoA directly derived from endogenous or exogenous lactate, leading to stimulates gene transcription.SIMILARITY Belongs to the histone H3 family.CAUTION The original paper reporting lysine deamination at Lys-5 by LOXL2 has been retracted due to inappropriate manipulation of figure data (PubMed:22483618, PubMed:27392148). However, this modification was confirmed in a subsequent publication (PubMed:27735137). |
| created | [InstanceEdit:354386] Schmidt, EE, 2008-06-18 04:45:12 |
| description | recommendedName: Histone H3.2 alternativeName: fullName evidence="69"H3-clustered histone 13 alternativeName: fullName evidence="67"H3-clustered histone 14 alternativeName: fullName evidence="68"H3-clustered histone 15 alternativeName: Histone H3/m alternativeName: Histone H3/o |
| geneName | H3C15 HIST2H3A H3C14 H3F2 H3FM HIST2H3C H3C13 HIST2H3D |
| identifier | Q71DI3 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Acetylation ADP-ribosylation Chromosome Citrullination Direct protein sequencing DNA-binding Hydroxylation Isopeptide bond Lipoprotein Methylation Nucleosome core Nucleus Palmitate Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome Ubl conjugation |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:384350] Kanapin, AA, 2008-11-26 14:00:39 [InstanceEdit:392885] Kanapin, AA, 2009-03-09 12:07:18 [InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35 [InstanceEdit:423310] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435478] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:447347] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:525883] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:613449] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:797602] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:937368] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1042053] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1220657] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1300696] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1301627] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1551960] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:1995863] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2132304] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2265580] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2455454] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:3132113] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5083144] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5433710] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5618415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5634237] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5673015] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:6807888] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:8987656] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9027688] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9037114] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9607352] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9616384] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9637257] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9676415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9688885] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9715482] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9730071] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9750299] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9765872] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9773244] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9796772] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9819394] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9834092] Weiser, Joel [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9939033] Weiser, Joel, 2025-02-21 [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15 [InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20 |
| name | H3C15 |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8958335] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000203811 H3C15 [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceDNASequence:8958190] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000203852 H3C15 [Homo sapiens] [ReferenceDNASequence:8958619] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000183598 H3C15 [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | H32_HUMAN A2BDF6 A6NFS4 Q6B053 |
| sequenceLength | 136 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:212253] Me3K28-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:212281] HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:417240] MeK-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:427407] Me2K10-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:427525] 2xAcK-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:427744] Me3K10-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:977578] HIST2H3A [extracellular region] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:1214223] Me3K5-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:1214225] Me2K5-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:4549224] Ack15-HIST2H3A [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] |
| (referenceSequence) | [ModifiedResidue:417242] N6-methyl-L-lysine at 10 [ModifiedResidue:417281] N6-methyl-L-lysine at 27 [ModifiedResidue:427500] N6-acetyl-L-lysine at 10 [ModifiedResidue:427503] N6-acetyl-L-lysine at 15 [ModifiedResidue:427505] N6-acetyl-L-lysine at 15 [ModifiedResidue:448788] N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine at 10 [ModifiedResidue:448790] N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine at 28 [ModifiedResidue:448792] N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine at 10 [ModifiedResidue:1214168] N6,N6-dimethyl-L-lysine at 5 [ModifiedResidue:1214187] N6,N6,N6-trimethyl-L-lysine at 5 |
| [Change default viewing format] | |
No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q71DI3 H3C15 (355447)
