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Details on Person UniProt:P69726 vpr

Class:Id	ReferenceGeneProduct:165467
_chainChangeLog	chain:1-96 added on Fri February 6 2015
_displayName	UniProt:P69726 vpr
_timestamp	2026-02-20 22:05:40
chain	chain:1-96
checksum	42892A4249E83D3E
comment	FUNCTION During virus entry, plays a role in the transport of the viral pre-integration (PIC) complex to the host nucleus. This function is crucial for viral infection of non-dividing macrophages. May act directly at the nuclear pore complex, by binding nucleoporins phenylalanine-glycine (FG)-repeat regions.FUNCTION During virus replication, may deplete host UNG protein, and incude G2-M cell cycle arrest. Acts by targeting specific host proteins for degradation by the 26S proteasome, through association with the cellular CUL4A-DDB1 E3 ligase complex by direct interaction with host DCAF1. Cell cycle arrest reportedly occurs within hours of infection and is not blocked by antiviral agents, suggesting that it is initiated by the VPR carried into the virion. Additionally, VPR induces apoptosis in a cell cycle dependent manner suggesting that these two effects are mechanistically linked. Detected in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patient, VPR may also induce cell death to bystander cells.SUBUNIT Homooligomer, may form homodimer. Interacts with p6-gag region of the Pr55 Gag precursor protein through a (Leu-X-X)4 motif near the C-terminus of the P6gag protein. Interacts with host UNG. May interact with host RAD23A/HHR23A. Interacts with host VPRBP/DCAF1, leading to hijack the CUL4A-RBX1-DDB1-DCAF1/VPRBP complex, mediating ubiquitination of host proteins such as TERT and ZGPAT and arrest of the cell cycle in G2 phase.SUBCELLULAR LOCATION Incorporation into virion is dependent on p6 GAG sequences. Lacks a canonical nuclear localization signal, thus import into nucleus may function independently of the human importin pathway. Detected in high quantity in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of AIDS patient.PTM Phosphorylated on several residues by host. These phosphorylations regulate VPR activity for the nuclear import of the HIV-1 pre-integration complex.MISCELLANEOUS HIV-1 lineages are divided in three main groups, M (for Major), O (for Outlier), and N (for New, or Non-M, Non-O). The vast majority of strains found worldwide belong to the group M. Group O seems to be endemic to and largely confined to Cameroon and neighboring countries in West Central Africa, where these viruses represent a small minority of HIV-1 strains. The group N is represented by a limited number of isolates from Cameroonian persons. The group M is further subdivided in 9 clades or subtypes (A to D, F to H, J and K).SIMILARITY Belongs to the HIV-1 VPR protein family.
created	[InstanceEdit:165206] Schmidt, EE, 2005-08-03 04:18:22
description	recommendedName: fullName evidence="1"Protein Vpr alternativeName: fullName evidence="1"R ORF protein alternativeName: fullName evidence="1"Viral protein R
geneName	vpr
identifier	P69726
isSequenceChanged	FALSE
keyword	3D-structure Activator AIDS Apoptosis Cell cycle Host G2/M cell cycle arrest by virus Host nucleus Host-virus interaction Ion channel Ion transport Modulation of host cell cycle by virus Phosphoprotein Reference proteome Transcription Transcription regulation Transport Viral penetration into host nucleus Virion Virus entry into host cell
modified	[InstanceEdit:217385] Schmidt, EE, 2008-03-27 06:23:53 [InstanceEdit:354386] Schmidt, EE, 2008-06-18 04:45:12 [InstanceEdit:384350] Kanapin, AA, 2008-11-26 14:00:39 [InstanceEdit:392885] Kanapin, AA, 2009-03-09 12:07:18 [InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35 [InstanceEdit:423310] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435478] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:447347] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:525883] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:613449] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:797602] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:937368] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1042053] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1220657] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1300696] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1301627] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1551960] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:1995863] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2132304] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2265580] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2455454] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:3445779] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5433710] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5618415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5634237] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5673015] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:6791590] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:8856987] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9027688] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9037114] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9637257] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9676415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9983091] Weiser, Joel, 2026-02-20
name	vpr
referenceDatabase	[ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt
secondaryIdentifier	VPR_HV1H2 P05926 Q85577
sequenceLength	96
species	[Species:164493] Human immunodeficiency virus 1
(referenceEntity)	[EntityWithAccessionedSequence:173193] VPR [cytosol] [Human immunodeficiency virus 1] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:175139] VPR (P69726) protein [extracellular region] [Human immunodeficiency virus 1] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:175516] VPR (P69726) protein [nucleoplasm] [Human immunodeficiency virus 1] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:180888] VPR [mitochondrial intermembrane space] [Human immunodeficiency virus 1]
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:P69726 vpr (165467)