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Details on Person At metaphase, chromosomes appear as pairs of sister chromati...
| Class:Id | Summation:1598429 |
|---|---|
| _displayName | At metaphase, chromosomes appear as pairs of sister chromati... |
| _timestamp | 2011-09-12 23:26:25 |
| created | [InstanceEdit:1598194] Higgins, JA, 2007-08-13 |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:1598184] Higgins, JA, 2007-11-14 [InstanceEdit:1597795] Higgins, JA, 2007-11-15 [InstanceEdit:1601927] Preece, J, 2011-09-12 |
| text | At metaphase, chromosomes appear as pairs of sister chromatids linked together only at the major constriction or centromeres. They align along a mythical structure referred to as the metaphase plate and are attached to spindle microtubules by kinetochores. Although slightly different structurally, plant bipolar spindles still carry out the conserved functions of anaphase A (movement of separated chromatids) and anaphase B (increasing the length of the spindle). The kinetochore fibres that connect the chromosomes to the poles are not discrete individual microtubules; instead they are a collection of microtubules that self-assemble into repeating units. Separation of the chromosomes is regulated by separase and the auxin-linked anaphase promotion complex (APC). The APC is a multisubunit E3 ubiquitin ligase. The activity of the APC is essential for the regulation of metaphase to anaphase transition and exit from mitosis by ordered destruction of mitotic regulators, including securing – an inhibitor of chromosome separation – CYCA and CYCB and many of the mitotic regulatory kinases. The APC is well conserved in eukaryotes. Please refer to the APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins which has been imported from the human Reactome [REACT_6828.1]. |
| (summation) | [Pathway:1598606] Chromosome segregation [Arabidopsis thaliana] |
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