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Details on Person UniProt:Q86V81 ALYREF
| Class:Id | ReferenceGeneProduct:103403 |
|---|---|
| _chainChangeLog | initiator methionine:1 added on Fri February 6 2015;chain:2-257 added on Fri February 6 2015;initiator methionine:1 for 103403 removed on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 103403 added on Fri Nov 03 2023;initiator methionine: for 103403 removed on Fri Aug 15 2025;initiator methionine:1 for 103403 added on Fri Aug 15 2025 |
| _displayName | UniProt:Q86V81 ALYREF |
| _timestamp | 2025-08-15 21:11:50 |
| chain | initiator methionine:1 chain:2-257 |
| checksum | E2B5021DA579919A |
| comment | FUNCTION Functions as an mRNA export adapter; component of the transcription/export (TREX) complex which is thought to couple mRNA transcription, processing and nuclear export, and specifically associates with spliced mRNA and not with unspliced pre-mRNA (PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602). TREX is recruited to spliced mRNAs by a transcription-independent mechanism, binds to mRNA upstream of the exon-junction complex (EJC) and is recruited in a splicing- and cap-dependent manner to a region near the 5' end of the mRNA where it functions in mRNA export to the cytoplasm via the TAP/NXF1 pathway (PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602). Involved in the nuclear export of intronless mRNA; proposed to be recruited to intronless mRNA by ATP-bound DDX39B (PubMed:17984224). Plays a key role in mRNP recognition and mRNA packaging by bridging the mRNP-bound EJC and the TREX core complex (PubMed:37020021). TREX recruitment occurs via an interaction between ALYREF/THOC4 and the cap-binding protein NCBP1 (PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602, PubMed:37020021). Required for TREX complex assembly and for linking DDX39B to the cap-binding complex (CBC) (PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17984224, PubMed:37020021). Binds mRNA which is thought to be transferred to the NXF1-NXT1 heterodimer for export (TAP/NXF1 pathway) (PubMed:11675789, PubMed:11707413, PubMed:11979277, PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602, PubMed:18364396, PubMed:22144908, PubMed:22893130, PubMed:23222130, PubMed:25662211). In conjunction with THOC5 functions in NXF1-NXT1 mediated nuclear export of HSP70 mRNA; both proteins enhance the RNA binding activity of NXF1 and are required for NXF1 localization to the nuclear rim (PubMed:19165146). Involved in mRNA export of C5-methylcytosine (m5C)-containing mRNAs: specifically recognizes and binds m5C mRNAs and mediates their nucleo-cytoplasmic shuttling (PubMed:28418038). Acts as a chaperone and promotes the dimerization of transcription factors containing basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domains and thereby promotes transcriptional activation (PubMed:10488337). Involved in transcription elongation and genome stability (PubMed:12438613).FUNCTION (Microbial infection) The TREX complex is essential for the export of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) intronless mRNAs and infectious virus production; ALYREF/THOC4 mediates the recruitment of the TREX complex to the intronless viral mRNA.SUBUNIT Homomultimer; predominantly hexamer when bound to EJC-RNA complex (PubMed:16314458, PubMed:37020021). Component of the transcription/export (TREX) complex at least composed of ALYREF/THOC4, DDX39B, SARNP/CIP29, CHTOP and the THO subcomplex (THOC1, THOC2, THOC3, THOC5, THOC6 and THOC7); in the complex interacts (via UAP56-binding motif) with DDX39B with low affinity but this interaction is likely stabilized by multimerization (PubMed:11979277, PubMed:12944400, PubMed:15833825, PubMed:15998806, PubMed:17190602, PubMed:17984224, PubMed:18974867, PubMed:23826332, PubMed:37020021). TREX seems to have a dynamic structure involving ATP-dependent remodeling; in the complex interacts with THOC1, THOC2 and THOC5 (PubMed:19165146, PubMed:23222130, PubMed:37020021). Component of the ALYREF/THOC4-EJC-RNA complex; in the complex interacts (via the WXHD motif) with EIF4A3 and interacts (via the RRM domain) with MAGOH; these interactions are likely specific to RNA-bound EJC (PubMed:14730019, PubMed:16314458, PubMed:37020021). Bridges the THO-DDX39B and EJC-RNA complexes to form the TREX-EJC-RNA complex; this interaction is essential for mRNP recognition and mRNA packaging (PubMed:37020021). Identified in the spliceosome C complex (PubMed:11991638, PubMed:12176931). Found in a mRNP complex with UPF3A and UPF3B (PubMed:11546873). Interacts with RBM8A, RBM15B, NCBP1, LEF1, RUNX1, RNPS1, SRRM1, IWS1 and EXOSC1 (PubMed:11118221, PubMed:11707413, PubMed:12944400, PubMed:17190602, PubMed:17234882). Interacts with RBM15B (PubMed:19586903). Interacts with NXF1; the interaction is direct (PubMed:11675789, PubMed:11707413, PubMed:14730019, PubMed:18974867, PubMed:19165146, PubMed:19586903, PubMed:23826332). Interacts with IVNS1ABP (via BACK domain); the interaction is indirect and likely plays a role in mRNA nuclear export (PubMed:30538201).SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts with human Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (HHV-8) ORF57 protein; this interaction allows efficient export of HHV-8 early and late intronless transcripts.SUBUNIT (Microbial infection) Interacts with HHV-1 ICP27 protein; this interaction recruits ALYREF to viral replication compartments and probably directs viral mRNA to the TAP/NXF1 pathway.INTERACTION Colocalizes with the core EJC, NXF1 and DDX39B in the nucleus and nuclear speckles. Travels to the cytoplasm as part of the exon junction complex (EJC) bound to mRNA (PubMed:19324961). Localizes to regions surrounding nuclear speckles known as perispeckles in which TREX complex assembly seems to occur (PubMed:23826332).TISSUE SPECIFICITY Expressed in a wide variety of cancer types.PTM Arg-204 is dimethylated, probably to asymmetric dimethylarginine. Arginine methylation reduces RNA binding.PTM Citrullinated by PADI4.MISCELLANEOUS Antibodies against ALYREF/THOC4 are found in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).SIMILARITY Belongs to the ALYREF family. |
| description | recommendedName: THO complex subunit 4 shortName: Tho4 alternativeName: Ally of AML-1 and LEF-1 alternativeName: Aly/REF export factor alternativeName: Transcriptional coactivator Aly/REF alternativeName: bZIP-enhancing factor BEF |
| geneName | ALYREF ALY BEF THOC4 |
| identifier | Q86V81 |
| isSequenceChanged | FALSE |
| keyword | 3D-structure Acetylation Chaperone Citrullination Cytoplasm Direct protein sequencing Host-virus interaction Methylation mRNA processing mRNA splicing mRNA transport Nucleus Phosphoprotein Proteomics identification Reference proteome RNA-binding Spliceosome Transport |
| modified | [InstanceEdit:143527] Schmidt, EE, 2004-11-12 07:45:10 [InstanceEdit:217385] Schmidt, EE, 2008-03-27 06:23:53 [InstanceEdit:354386] Schmidt, EE, 2008-06-18 04:45:12 [InstanceEdit:384350] Kanapin, AA, 2008-11-26 14:00:39 [InstanceEdit:392885] Kanapin, AA, 2009-03-09 12:07:18 [InstanceEdit:400710] Schmidt, EE, 2009-03-25 05:33:35 [InstanceEdit:423310] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435478] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:435871] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:447347] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:525883] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:613449] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:797602] Kanapin, AA [InstanceEdit:937368] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1042053] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1220657] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1300696] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1301627] Yung, CK [InstanceEdit:1551960] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:1995863] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2132304] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2265580] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:2587579] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:3445779] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5083144] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5263031] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5433710] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5618415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5634237] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:5673015] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:6791590] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:8987656] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9037114] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9616384] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9637257] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9666080] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9676415] Weiser, JD [InstanceEdit:9852000] Weiser, Joel, 2023-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9862192] Weiser, Joel, 2024-02-26 [InstanceEdit:9917590] Weiser, Joel, 2024-08-09 [InstanceEdit:9926675] Weiser, Joel, 2024-11-03 [InstanceEdit:9963647] Weiser, Joel, 2025-08-15 |
| name | ALYREF |
| referenceDatabase | [ReferenceDatabase:2] UniProt |
| referenceGene | [ReferenceDNASequence:8994555] ENSEMBL:ENSG00000183684 ALYREF [Homo sapiens] |
| secondaryIdentifier | THOC4_HUMAN O43672 |
| sequenceLength | 257 |
| species | [Species:48887] Homo sapiens |
| (referenceEntity) | [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:156649] ALYREF [nucleoplasm] [Homo sapiens] [EntityWithAccessionedSequence:158482] ALYREF [cytosol] [Homo sapiens] |
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No pathways have been reviewed or authored by UniProt:Q86V81 ALYREF (103403)
